The Case Of Colombia Politics Essay

The Case Of Colombia Politics EssayNo society is immune to rot, however, it is obvious that the developing world has been prone to suffer more than certain countries rot is a problem that many governments as fountainhead as citizens from antithetical communities in the third world prefer to ignore. This essay attempts to present the proofreader the most bombastic forms of corruptness in the developing world specifically the flake of Colombia in a comparative billet with Latin American, Asian and African countries where subversion is one of the main problems that amaze affected these smashs of the world.This essay includes three sections the first one presents the relevant literature review definition of distinguished concepts, types of corruption, and barbeles of corruption in developing countries. The second section refers in detail to the case of Colombia and its most prominent forms of corruption. The third section covers the analysis of the Colombian case in a com parative perspective with some Latin American, Asian and African countries and portraits relevant ideas as conclusions.LITERATURE REVIEWCorruption in the get few years has become a contested concept due to the considerable overlap mingled with various components and wide connotations to agree on a single definition additionally, diffe carry perceptions and understanding of stains and behaviours have influenced the concept of corruption.The understanding of corruption among nations guarantees that no definition of corruption will be equally true in every nation. Therefore, this essay agrees with the definition of corruption presented by Transp bency International (TI) because it is an international organization that reaches most of the countries in the world and maintains an unbiased feat. (TI) defines corruption as the abuse of entrusted power for private gain1.In order to understand the implications of corruption, it is necessary to bear in mind the different types of corrupti on that have been considered by some authors. Each type of corruption has different origins and characteristics and in that locationfore, they require diverse strategies to tackle it and different degrees of severity to punish it. Corrupt behaviour was coded in terms of black, grey and white (Gardiner 2009)Black Corruption indicates that certain actions in a majority consensus of elites and mass opinion would condemn and would want to see penalize as a matter of principle. Grey Corruption indicates that some elements, usually elites may want to see the action punished, differents not. And the majority may well be ambivalent. White Corruption signifies that the majority of both elite and mass opinion probably would not support an attempt to punish a form of corruption that they regarded as tolerable which implies less attachment to the value. (Gardiner 2009)The critical emphasis of this essay is on developing countries and corrupt activities in the political sphere at the semipub lic and private take aim. It is clear that there exist different forms of political corruption with a range of characteristics, which need to be mapped. Alatas in 1990 distinguished between transactive and extortive corruption. The designer refers to a mutual arrangement concerning a donor and a recipient to the mutual advantage of both parties, whereas the latter entails a sort of pressure, usually to distract the harm being imposed on the donor or those close to him/her.It is possible to consider other categories which could contribute to a typology of political corruption differences could be drawn between high and low level (grand corruption versus petty) the first one involves a substantial amount of money, it involves political finality-makers, the justices and regulations ar ab utilise by the rulers, ignored, or tailored to fit interests. Whereas the latter refers to the bending of rules in favour of friends, its the everyday corruption in connection with the implementa tion of existing laws, rules and regulations at the lane level with minor public administration officials and services. (Heidenheimer 2002, p. 150)In most developing countries, corruption has been widespread and has become part of everyday life most societies are mindful of it and some even make it look like part of their market-gardening. Developing countries are more likely to experience fix enrapture and Kleptoratic corruption. State Capture represents a form of corruption Introduced by Hellman and Kaufmann and used by the World Bank in 20002The World Bank report refers to State Capture as the actions of individuals, groups or firms in both in the public and private sectors. This is done to influence the formation of laws, regulations and other government policies to their own advantage by illicit and non-transparent provision of private benefits to public officials. Alternatively, the state can be captured to serve the private interest of a political leader who shapes the f ramework of reforms to crack his private control over key resources State capture refers to the capacity of private interest groups to exert influence in high spheres of public decision making done corrupt practices (World Bank report 2002).3.On the other side, Kleptocratic corruption refers to the actions of people in contenddly the government who use their power to exploit inhering resources and wealth for personal enrichment by establishing policies that favour personal interests4, its very common in authoritarian governments specially in African countries characterized by the lacked of chronicleability and unconditioned public officials. Kleptocratic corruption is characterized by nepotism, favouritism, cronyism, reflecting problems in the public services where citizens may go to prison house or be executed for treason. In some nations citizens do not even try to hold elections which allow leaders to remain in power for ever. (Case of the Philippines)5. Some of these chara cteristics are shared by some Caribbean, Asian and African countries. This will be presented and discussed later on.Many scholars have studied corruption through different approaches in order to understand how corruption affects the performance of a country the first approach to consider is the Modernization Thesis established by Samuel Huntington. He stated that Corruption may be more prevalent in some cultures than others and seem to be more intense during the period of modernization and reflect their differences in political modernization and political nurture (Huntington 2009, Ch. 15 pp. 253)The Modernization Thesis proposed by Huntington suggests that modernization involves a change in the basic values of a society he refers to certain behaviours that were decriminalise but became intolerable and corrupt when viewed through modern eyes, consequently, the fact that levels of education provide citizens with a more critical view of situations to demand an accountable and expedi tious government, however it contributes to corruption by generating new sources of wealth and power where new laws multiply opportunities for corruption and hence increase the capacity for violence.To comprehend the ethnic approach this essay first understand culture as The deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving (Samovar Porter, 2003, p. 8)Abdiweli, M and Said Isse, H. (2003) identified the determinants of corruption by examining on f participants think to corruption such as such as education, political regimes, the type of the state, ethnicity, judicial efficiency, political freedom, and the size of government to explain the differences across countries and how those actions considered corruption in the west are considered trad itional gift expectant in developing countries.Sandholz and Taagepara 2004, referred to the cultural approach to corruption as The most significant obstacle to democratization and frugal development. Structural and cultural factors lead to high levels of corruption, low levels of competition and increase the incentives for corrupt practices among bureaucrats or among those being regulated. Cultural word forms tendency to reproduce themselves through socialization entails a general expectation of continuity, culture changes but it tends to change slowly even when substantial changes occur (Sandholz and Taagepara 200,4 pp.109-111)THE CASE OF COLOMBIAThis section unwraplines the case of corruption in Colombia as a developing country, where corruption has left political, social and economic effects corruption has contributed to political instability, undermined governmental institutions, increase the lack of trust and the perception that corruption is normal. Despite its effort to flake corruption the Corruption perception index (cost-of-living index) seems to get worst.6In Colombia a clear example of petty corruption are the traffic violations where drivers may bequest a police officer to avoid a fine or get the car impounded since traffic violations are extremely expensive, paying a payoff sounds more reasonable. Most of Colombian drivers have developed persuasive skills to approach a police officer finding a way to relate or build any personal connection such as economic difficulties or family problems. Sometimes the police officer will understand and will sink in a ticket with a lower infraction without making personal profit. Sometimes, they will accept the bribe, give a verbal warning and besides let the driver go it basically depends on how the driver approaches the police officer.In terms of Grand Corruption, the problem of Colombia can be expressed in one world Politiquera- bad politics, where it is hard to tell if corruption is the cause or the consequence of bad politics. A significant factor that determines corruption, is the illegitimate actors Guerrillas, paramilitary groups and drug dealers they control large amounts of drug money, induce violence as a way to regulate the illegal and legal sector and resort to kidnappings for funding they are influential in some parts of the country called red zone or involution zone. There, Government has less control or there is absence of authority allowing these groups to reach several levels of public organizations. (Misas 2005 120-122).In Colombia scandals of all kinds and cases of Grand Corruption And State Capture are characterized by the flaws in the political system, the non-existence of political parties as independent actors, the Internal division within political parties and the opposition at the inner and outer level enhancing contradictory performances responding to political rival or lack of competence political parties use opposition to exert tension and pressure and bring to light the scandals. In this dynamic mass media plays a big role, in Colombia some cases of corruption are inter connected as a network of corruption corruption becomes a scandal when it is impossible to becloud or when it is convenient to bring it to light.The illegitimate impact of private interests on political decisions is another major problem in Colombia. Political parties system and escape financing create some sort of liability of the politician towards the donor. In Colombia, is common to see that candidates pay back the favour after being elected. Positions within the government and the local level are given out due to personal relations rather than through academic careers and competition. (Lambsdorff, 2006)This is illustrated by the typical pattern of Grand Corruption, referred to as tringulo de hierro (iron triangle) figure 3 The structure of a corrupt relationship is pictured as a triangle where each corner represents an actor and the sides the relationsh ip between them. (Misas 2005) work out 3 iron triangleMAKES A CAMPAIGN DONATIONHELPS GETTING A POSTION IN PUBLIC ADMINISRATIONHELPS WINNING A PUBLIC CONTRACTIn most of the countries in South America cronyism, nepotism, conflict of interests, abuse of power, embezzlement and extortion to make a few are part of the main problems of public life and can be observed at all levels, from the local up to the National level. In Colombia there are rules and regulations justly designed but not correctly applied, the fundamental problem causing high levels of corruption in Colombia appears to be the failure to apply the existing rules. Therefore, a cultural pattern such as the consideration of sayings in daily life activities implies a rather flexible interpretation of rules. Hecha la ley, hecha la trampa (every law made, there is also made the loophole) (Lambsdorff, 2006) P.25.In addition to cultural patterns, Colombia is a developing country with a low GDP7where social inequality, great in come differences between strata, poverty and exclusion predominate and lead to violence. It is not a secret that Guerrilla and Paramilitary groups control highways charging truck drivers a toll to use the road having the truck burnt or taken away. They also kidnap journalists, politicians, government officials and military men for extortion or to cause pressure in the government. (Lambsdorff, 2006) Although Colombians are aware that corruption exists, its not au then(prenominal)tic. However, people instead use sarcasm or irony to refer to this issue influenced by cultural features such as morality, values and ethics.The cases of corruption in Colombia are innumerable and it is hard to tell if one is worst that the other first because some are related or connected and second because all of them have affected the country economically, socially and also in the way Colombia is perceived at the international level, affecting relations with other countries and levels of trust towards th ose in power who are supposed to look after the citizens rights.Examples that illustrate corruption in Colombia88000 process9(embezzlement, illegal funding for political campaign)This is the name given to the process against the ex-president Ernesto Samper accused of receiving money from drug dealers Cali cartel for his presidential campaign. Despite the proofs, he denied it. Moreover, Fernando Botero Zea as the campaign director offered his bank account in New York to receive the donations from different business man to avoid taxes and exceed the amount of money permitted to develop the campaign. Botero seized control of US$413.898 to buy a country house and cover personal expenses. Botero moved to Mexico where he is originally from to avoid extradition and has not gone back to pay his time in prison which affected the relations and image with neighbouring countries.DMG10(campaign funding with money laundering- illicit enrichment)DMG is the acronym for the millionaire company of Da vid Murcia Guzman which worked under the pyramid scheme for cocaine money laundering. DMG was also funding the referendum for the third consecutive presidential term of Alvaro Uribe as well as for the candidate in Panama11. This company worked across some Latin American countries (Panama, Venezuela and Ecuador) where not only politicians but also thousands of citizens invested their savings expecting high profits, in some parts of the countries people relied and depended on this profit as a regular income. Murcia accepted the charges and was extradited to the US.Para-politics12Para-politics is the term used to refer to the political scandals since 2006 that show connections between more than 200 politicians and government officials with the paramilitary group Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (AUC) which has direct implications with drug dealing and has used intimidation, extortion, slaughter, genocide, displacement and kidnapping towards public citizens to help politicians and public officers to reach positions in the government and then manipulate decisions and funds. Recordings, videos and intercepted calls are some of the proofs that involve government bodies and essential national entities.Carousel contraction (Conflict of interest, Clientelism, Cronyism, Abuse of power, State Capture)This is the name given to one of the biggest scandals of political corruption that left obvious scars in the city, indignation and considerable economic lost. Carousel contraction involves a group of recognized business men Los Nule13who won the grant for the biggest project in building an important highway in the country and several other contracts for the transportation system in the city of Bogota using retainers as bribes. Other people involved and erect guilty are The ex-mayor of Bogota, (Samuel Moreno14) who was suspended from office and is under police custody, some of Morenos relatives as his brother (Ivan Moreno) and several friends, government bodies, public offic ers and more than 30 companies who were sub-contracted to transfer out they project.Health system embezzlement15A scandal in the Colombian health system involved five health insurance companies acronym for (EPS) associated with millionaire embezzlement. These EPS were audited and intervened with a police raid due to the irregularities in the provision of medications and misuse of funds. This has resulted in huge number of cases of double billing, seeking reimbursement for medications EPS are supposed to provide to patients. humanity officers, EPS board members and the minister of social protection are some of the people involved in the scandal.These are just some of the examples that can provide a wide picture of what Grand corruption/ State Capture look like in Colombia in the following section a comparative perspective is presented to illustrate corruption across developing countries in Latin America, Asia and Africa.This section refers to corruption in developing countries in L atin America, Asia and Africa in a comparative perspective with the case of Colombia.LATIN AMERICACorruption in Latin America specifically in the case of Ecuador is a structural problem that goes beyond political parties or man of affairs funding campaigns it has become an issue deep-rooted to cultural features. Low levels of education, weak Social Capital, and low levels of participation in elections are characteristics shared with Colombia. The most common forms of corruption in Ecuador are bribes, nepotism and cronyism used to speed up processes or get contracts. As an example, In June 2009 the media reported that companies associated with businessman Fabricio Correa (the presidents brother), had signed large public-sector contracts during the Correa administration. some other example is the contraction of unqualified unnecessary or inexistent public employees in the national congress known as Piponazgo16. match to CPI 2012 edition by (TI) the most corrupt country in Latin Ameri ca is Venezuela some causes of corruption are the lack of effective strategies to conjure corruption and abject freedom of the press. In Venezuela more than 30 radio stations, TV channel and newspapers have been harassed and threaten by the government which creates opportunities for corruption. This situation is slightly different in Colombia where although its one of the most insecure countries for journalists the aggressions are not provoked by the government but related to the armed conflict (guerrilla, drug traffickers and paramilitary). Additionally, Venezuela shares two characteristics of corruption with African countries mismanagement of vegetable oil colour resources, authoritarian government seeking influence through oil diplomacy and control of oil funds by the Government which has caused several scandals17.Another country that has suffered from similar types of corruption is Mexico, (kickbacks and bribery18from wealthy businessman, kidnappings of civilians and drug tr afficking by the Cartels of Mexico19). However, the comparative study carried out by (De la Torre L., 2000) showed that although the Police system in Colombia is not necessarily uncorrupted is one of the most efficient in Latin America. Colombia has implemented keen-sighted term strategies, there is a better recruitment process, salaries, training and drug- related corruption remains confined to individual or smaller groups of policeman20. Figure 4 data taken from Transparency International web site CPI results 201221ASIAIn 2012 India ranked 94th out of 176 countries in TI with a CPI of 3.6 tied with Colombia and Greece. Apart from sharing the ranking position in the CPI score, India and Colombia share bribery, kickbacks and nepotism as some forms of corruption although at different levels of impact in the society.Transparency International India developed a Corruption Study in 200522showing that the problem of corruption in India lies at the public service level (health care syste m, electrical energy, water supply and black money) affecting citizens daily needs. As a result, corruption in India is due to the Excessive regulations, poor implementation/ observe of laws, lack of punishment and highly strong cultural patterns create opportunity for corruption. (Vito Tanzi 1998). While the perception, cases of corruption and impact in the population regarding public services (water supply, electricity and taxes black money23are higher in India, in Colombia Organized Crime and drug trafficking plays the main role dominating almost 50% of the country.Another Asian country which has been prone to suffer from widespread corruption and poor CPI score is Bangladesh the most common forms of corruption are bribes, abuse of authority, nepotism, favouritism, tarradiddle and patronage. Likewise Colombia many cases of corruption are intertwined with their consequences at the national or local level. In Bangladesh payoff include luxury gifts, overseas travel hotels, restau rant bills and personal liabilities while in Colombia payoff are mostly in the form of money or jobs. However in terms of political corruption both countries share the same(p) characteristic Using position while in power to grant undue favour and benefit to ones relatives, friends and key supporters is a hallmark of politics. (Khan, 1997).Nonetheless, in terms of administrative corruption, in Bangladesh civil officers involved in corrupt practices in most cases do not lose their jobs. in truth rarely they are dismissed from service on charges pertaining to corruption. Still more rarely they are sent to prison for misusing public funds (Khan, 1997), this is considerably different in Colombia where if found guilty most likely, they will go to prison although the sentence may not be significant Corruption is all-pervasive in Bangladesh, is a part of the politico-administrative heritage, not only citizens have accepted it as a part of their daily life but also they feel themselves power less to divvy up the phenomenon at any level (Lewis, 1996).AFRICACorruption in the developing world has been harmful for economic growth specially for transition or emerging economies and poor countries in Africa where the influence of decolonization, type of economy (based on natural resources as a source of rent), low levels of education and types of governments (regimes or dictatorships) are directly related to levels of corruption.Africa is a continent where Kleptocracy dominates and leads to grand Corruption an example of this is the rule of Mobutu in the Democratic Republic of Congo (1965-1997). Characterized by the misuse of foreign aid and rent from natural resources leading to worse governance, embezzlement and illegal enrichment. In the case of Nigeria, 2007 elections candidates were more likely to buy votes because is more reliable and less difficult.24In Nigeria, the misadministration of oil and natural gas resources from Kleptocratic governments, nepotism and graft are the most common forms of corruption.Another case worth looking at is Kenya which demonstrates how corruption can turn a stable country into political crisis. Corruption comes in the form of a little something to speed up processes or to ignore infractions and Tribalism loyalty first to families then clan and then tribes. Kenya likewise Colombia has suffered from scandals within the government Goldenberg case25where the Kenyan government of Daniel Arap was found to have subsidised exports of gold beyond standard arrangements by paying the company Goldenberg International 35% more.Despite the fact that Colombia is an older democracy and the GDP less affected by corruption in Latin America than in African countries26 clientelism, graft, bribery misuse of funds at the national level and embezzlement are shared forms of corruption however, corruption in Colombia is highly generated by drugs traffic while in Africa is due to misuse of natural resources and abuse of power.CONCLUSIONThis p aper has given an account of the most prominent forms of corruption in the developing world with deep focus on Colombia in a comparative perspective with other Latin American, Asian and African countries. In this paper, becomes evident and implicit that regardless the geographical position of a country, the developing countries studied in this essay share mostly the same types of corruption. preferably some variations in terms of forms and levels of perception of corruption may appear depending on type of government, levels of education, poverty and whether it is an emerging or established democracy.At the same time history plays an important role in places of Africa and Colombia where in order to understand the reasons and causes behind levels of corruption it is not only important to recognize the political, social, economic and cultural conditions of these countries but also to understand the impact of these situation on the levels of corruption, this will enhance comprehension of the strategies implemented or reasons for not implementing as well as for punishing or not corruption.From this essay can conclude that Even though forms and types of corruption are shared across countries the political, social, economic and cultural patterns should be considered individually to fight corruption where political will and anticorruption programs work in reality effectively.In Latin American countries like Colombia where the drug war fosters corruption and increases private gain (money) at public expense (violence) while in Africa and Asia corruption affects foreign direct investment.

The Creation of God and the Universe

The Creation of deity and the UniverseDoes God re ally exist? How depose we know? If God made everything, who made God?In our everyday experience, just about everything calculatems to nourish a origin. In fact, the laws of science depict that flat things which look the same through and through our life clip, like the sun and opposite stars, be running down. The sun is using up its fuel at millions of tons each second. Since, be shit, it cannot last forever, it had to dupe a beginning. The same can be shown to be true for the entire reality.So when Christians claim that the God of the news created the entire hu domainity, some get out ask what implementms a logical question, namely Where did God come from?The leger makes it clear in numerous places that God is outside of beat. He is eternal, with no beginning or endHe is infinite He also knows all things, being infinitely thinking(a).Is this logical? Can modern science allow for such a look? And how could you recog nize the evidence for an intelligent Creator?The existence of God is taken for granted in the Bible.There is nowhere any business to bear witness it. He who disbelieves this truth is spoken of as unrivalled devoid of understanding .The arguments generally adduced by theologians in proof of Gods existence atomic number 18The a priori argument, which is the testimony afforded by reason.The a posteriori argument, by which we croak logically from the facts of experience to causes. These arguments areThe cosmological, by which it is proved that there essential be a First Cause of all things, for every rig must pull in a cause.The teleological, or the argument from design. We see everywhere the operations of an intelligent Cause in nature.The moral argument, called also the anthropological argument, based on the moral consciousness and the tarradiddle of mankind, which exhibits a moral order and purpose which can only be explained on the sup impersonate of the existence of God. Conscience and valet de chambre history testify that verily there is a God that judgeth in the earth.Matthew G. EastonHow to recognize intelligenceScientists get excited about finding st unitary similarlyls in a cave because these speak of intelligencea tool maker. They could not have designed themselves. Neither would anyone believe that the carved Presidents heads on Mt. Rush more(prenominal) were the product of millions of geezerhood of chance erosion. We can recognize designthe evidence of the outworkings of intelligencein the man-made objects all some us.Similarly, in William Paleys famous argument, a watch implies a watchmaker.Today, however, a large proportion of people, including many leading scientists, believe that all plants and animals, including the incredibly thickening brains of the people who make watches, motor cars, etc., were not designed by an intelligent God except rather came from an unintelligent evolutionary process. just is this a defensible position? Design in life-time thingsMolecular life scientist Dr. Michael Denton, writing as an agnostic, concludedAlongside the level of ingenuity and complexity exhibited by the molecular machinery of life, even our around advanced twentieth century technology appears clumsy. It would be an illusion to think that what we are aware of at present is any more than a fraction of the full extent of biological design. In very much every field of fundamental biological research ever-increasing levels of design and complexity are being revealed at an ever-accelerating rate.The world-renowned crusader for Darwinism and atheism, Prof. Richard Dawkins, statesWe have seen that living things are too improbable and too beautifully designed to have come into existence by chance.Thus, even the most ardent atheist concedes that design is all around us. To a Christian, the design we see all around us is totally consistent with the Bibles explanation that God created all.However, evolutionists like Dawkins reject the idea of a Designer. He comments (emphasis added) full-length appearance to the contrary, the only watchmaker in nature is the silver screen forces of physics, albeit deployed in a very special way. A true watchmaker has hypermetropy he designs his cogs and springs, and plans their interconnections, with future purpose in his minds eye. Natural choice, the blind, unconscious, automatic process which Darwin discovered, and which we now know is the explanation for the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life, has no purpose in mind It has no mind It does not plan for the future it is the blind watchmaker.Selection and designLife is built on reading, contained in that molecule of heredity, desoxyribonucleic acid. Dawkins believes that native choiceand mutations (blind, purposeless copying mistakes in this DNA) together provide the mechanism for producing the vast amounts of information responsible for the design in living things.Natural selection is a logic al process that can be sight. However, selection can only operate on the information already contained in genesit does not promote new information.distinct kinds of animals and plants, each to re mature after its own kind.One can observe great variation in a kind,and see the resolutenesss of natural selection. For instance, dingoes, wolves and coyotes have developed over time as a result of natural selection operating on the information in the genes of the savage/dog kind.But no new information was producedthese varieties have resulted from rearrangement, and sorting out, of the information in the original dog kind. One kind has never been observed to change into a totally different kind with new information that previously did not existWithout a way to increase information, natural selection will not work as a mechanism for evolution. Evolutionists agree with this, but they believe that mutations somehow provide the new information for natural selection to act upon.Can mutations produce new information?Actually, it is now clear that the answer is no Dr. Lee Spetner, a highly qualified scientist who taught information and dialogue theory at Johns Hopkins University, makes this abundantly clear in his recent bookIn this chapter Ill bring several examples of evolution, i.e., instances alleged to be examples of evolution particularly mutations, and show that information is not increased But in all the reading Ive done in the life-sciences literature, Ive never found a mutation that added information.All drumhead mutations that have been studied on the molecular level turn out to reduce the genetic information and not to increase it.The NDT neo-Darwinian theory is supposed to explain how the information of life has been built up by evolution. The essential biological difference between a human and a bacterium is in the information they contain. All other biological differences follow from that. The human genome has much more information than does the bacteri al genome. Information cannot be built up by mutations that lose it. A business cant make money by losing it a little at a time.Evolutionary scientists have no way around the conclusions that many scientists, including Dr. Spetner, have come to. Mutations do not work as a mechanism to fuel the evolutionary process.For further information, see Can genetic mutations produce positive changes in living creatures? AnswerMore problemsScientists have found that within the kiosk, there are thousands of what can be called biochemical machines. All of their parts have to be in place simultaneously or the cell cant function. Things which were thought to be simple mechanisms, such as being able to sentience light and turn it into electrical impulses, are in fact highly complicated.Since life is built on these machines, the idea that natural processes could have made a living system is untenable. Biochemist Dr. Michael Behe uses the term irreducible complexity in describing such biochemical ma chines.systems of horrendous, irreducible complexity inhabit the cell. The resulting realization that life was designed by an intelligence is a shock to us in the twentieth century who have gotten utilize to thinking of life as the result of simple natural laws. But other centuries have had their shocks, and there is no reason to suppose that we should escape them.Richard Dawkins recognizes this problem of regarding machinery to start with when he statesThe theory of the blind watchmaker is passing powerful given that we are allowed to assume replication and hence cumulative selection. But if replication needs complex machinery, since the only way we know for complex machinery ulti cope withly to come into existence is cumulative selection, we have a problem.A problem indeed The more we look into the workings of life, the more complicated it gets, and the more we see that life could not arise by itself. Not only is a source of information needed, but the complex machines of the c hemistry of life need to be in existence right from the startA great problem stillSome still try to insist that the machinery of the first cell could have arisen by pure chance. For instance, they say, by randomly drawing of importbet letters in sequence from a hat, sometimes you will get a simple account book like BAT.So given long time periods, wherefore couldnt even more complex information arise by chance?However, what would the word BAT mean to a German or Chinese speaker? The point is that an order of letters is meaningless unless there is a language conclave and a translation system in place which makes it meaningfulIn a cell, there is such a system (other molecules) that makes the order on the DNA meaningful. DNA without the language/translation system is meaningless, and these systems without the DNA wouldnt work either.The other complication is that the translation machinery which reads the order of the letters in the DNA is itself specified by the DNA This is another one of those machines that needs to be fully-formed or life wont work.Can information arise from non-information?Dr. Werner Gitt, Director and Professor at the German Federal Institute of Physics and Technology, makes it clear that one of the things we know absolutely for sure from science, is that information cannot arise from disorder by chance. It always takes (greater) information to produce information, and ultimately information is the result of intelligenceA code system is always the result of a mental process (it requires an intelligent origin or inventor) It should be emphasized that matter as such is unable to generate any code. All experiences indicate that a thinking being voluntarily exercising his own free will, cognition, and creativity, is required.There is no know natural law through which matter can give rise to information, neither is any bodily process or material phenomenon known that can do this.What is the source of the information?We can therefore deduce that the huge amount of information in living things must originally have come from an intelligence, which had to have been far superior to ours, as scientists are revealing every day. But consequently, some will say that such a source would have to be caused by something with even greater information/intelligence.However, if they reason like this, one could ask where this greater information/intelligence came from? And then where did that one come from . one could extrapolate to infinity, for ever, unless .Unless there was a source of infinite intelligence, beyond our finite understanding. But isnt this what the Bible indicates when we read, In the beginning God .? The God of the Bible is an infinite being not bound by limitations of time, space, knowledge, or anything else.So which is the logically defensible position?that matter eternally existed (or came into existence by itself for no reason), and then by itself arranged itself into information systems against everything obser ved in real science? Or that a being with infinite intelligence,created information systems for life to exist, agreeing with real science?The answer seems obvious, so why dont all intelligent scientists accept this? Michael Behe answersMany people, including many heavy and well-respected scientists, just dont want there to be anything beyond nature. They dont want a supernatural being to affect nature, no matter how brief or plastic the interaction whitethorn have been. In other words . they bring an a priori philosophical commitment to their science that restricts what kinds of explanations they will accept about the physiologic world. Sometimes this leads to rather odd behavior.The crux of the matter is this If one accepts there is a God who created us, then that God also owns us. He thus has a right to set the rules by which we must live. In the Bible, He has revealed to us that we are in rebellion against our Creator. Because of this rebellion called sin, our physical bodies are sentenced to deathbut we will live on, either with God, or without Him in a place of judgment.But the reliable news is that our Creator provided, through the cross of Jesus Christ, a sum of deliverance for our sin of rebellion, so that those who come to Him in faith, in repentance for their sin, can receive the forgiveness of a Holy God and swing forever with their Lord.Watch The HOPE on-line (streaming video)So who created God?By definition, an infinite, eternal being has always existedno one created God. He is the self-existing onethe great I am of the Bible.19 He is outside of time in fact, He created time.You susceptibility say, But that means I have to accept this by faith, as I cant understand it.We read in the book of Hebrews, But without faith it is impossible to please him for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him (Hebrews 116).But this is not blind faith, as some think. In fact, the evolutionists who deny God have a blind faiththey have to believe something that is against real sciencenamely, that information can arise from disorder by chance.Can you believe in the existence of something that you cannot see?Have you ever seen your own brain? We all believe in many things that we have never seen. Have you ever seen the wind? Have you seen history? We see the effects of the wind, but the wind is invisible. We have records of history, but it is by faith we believe that certain historical events happened. Television waves are invisible, but an advance and a receiver can detect their presence.Do you know that you have a receiver? Prior to becoming a child of God, your receiver (your spirit) is slain because of sin (see Ephesians 21). You need to be plugged into the life of God, and then you will come alive and be aware of the invisible spiritual realm. percolate more about God and his plan for your lifeAdapted from author Ray ComfortSee these information sources for evidence of God and the accuracy of His passwordThe Christian faith is not a blind faith it is a logically defensible faith. This is why the Bible makes it clear that anyone who does not believe in God is without excuseFor the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and nobleman so that they are without excuse (Romans 120).For a more in-depth article, read Who created God?Who created God?A number of skeptics ask this question. But God by definition is the uncreated creator of the universe, so the question Who created God? is illogical, just like To whom is the bachelor married?So a more sophisticated questioner might ask If the universe needs a cause, then why doesnt God need a cause? And if God doesnt need a cause, why should the universe need a cause? In reply, Christians should use the following reasoningEverything which has a beginning has a cause.1The universe has a beginning.Therefore the universe has a cause.Its measurable to stress the words in bold type. The universe requires a cause because it had a beginning, as will be shown below. God, unlike the universe, had no beginning, so doesnt need a cause. In addition, Einsteins general relativity, which has much experimental support, shows that time is linked to matter and space. So time itself would have begun along with matter and space.Since God, by definition, is the creator of the whole universe, he is the creator of time. Therefore He is not limited by the time dimension He created, so has no beginning in time God is the high and lofty One that inhabiteth infinity (Isaiah 5715). Therefore He doesnt have a cause.In contrast, there is good evidence that the universe had a beginning. This can be shown from the Laws of Thermodynamics, the most fundamental laws of the physical sciences.1st Law The total amount of bay window- zilch in the universe is constant.second Law The amount of energy available for work is running out, or entropy is increasing to a maximum.If the total amount of mass-energy is limited, and the amount of usable energy is decreasing, then the universe cannot have existed forever, otherwise it would already have exhausted all usable energy the heat death of the universe. For example, all radioactive atoms would have decayed, every part of the universe would be the same temperature, and no further work would be possible.So the obvious corollary is that the universe began a finite time ago with a lot of usable energy, and is now running down.Now, what if the questioner accepts that the universe had a beginning, but not that it needs a cause? But it is self-evident that things that begin have a cause no-one really denies it in his heart. All science and history would collapse if this law of cause and effect were denied. So would all law enforcement, if the police didnt think they needed to find a cause for a stabbed body or a burgled house.Also, the universe cannot be self -caused postal code can create itself, because that would mean that it existed onwards it came into existence, which is a logical absurdity.IN SUMMARYThe universe (including time itself) can be shown to have had a beginning.It is ill-judged to believe something could begin to exist without a cause.The universe therefore requires a cause, just as Romans 120 teach.God, as creator of time, is outside of time. Since therefore He has no beginning in time, He has always existed, so doesnt need a cause.OBJECTIONSThere are only two ways to overthrow an argumentShow that it is logically invalidShow that at least one of the premises is false.Is the argument valid?A valid argument is one where it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion false. Note that validity does not depend on the truth of the premises, but on the form of the argument. The argument in this article is valid it is of the same form as All whales have patronizebones Moby Dick is a whale therefore Moby D ick has a backbone. So the only hope for the skeptic is to dispute one or both of the premises.Are the premises true?1. Does the universe have a beginning? vacillate universe ideas were popularized by atheists like the late Carl Sagan and Isaac Asimov solely to avoid the notion of a beginning, with its implications of a Creator. But as shown above, the Laws of Thermodynamics undercut that argument. Even an oscillating universe cannot overcome those laws. Each one of the hypothetical cycles would exhaust more and more usable energy.This means every cycle would be larger and longer than the previous one, so looking back in time there would be smaller and smaller cycles. So the multicycle model could have an infinite future, but can only have a finite past.2Also, there are many lines of evidence showing that there is far too little mass for solemness to stop expansion and allow cycling in the first place, i.e., the universe is open.According to the best estimates (even granting old-ea rth assumptions), the universe still has only about half the mass needed for re-contraction. This includes the combined total of both luminous matter and non-luminous matter (found in galactic halos), as well as any possible part of neutrinos to total mass.3Some recent evidence for an open universe comes from the number of light-bending gravitational lenses in the sky.6 It seems there is only 40-80% of the required matter to cause a big crunch.Incidentally, this low mass is also a major problem for the currently fashionable inflationary version of the big bang theory, as this predicts a mass density just on the threshold of collapse a flat universe.Finally, no known mechanism would allow a bounce back after a hypothetical big crunch.7As the late Professor Beatrice Tinsley of Yale explained, even though the mathematics say that the universe oscillates, There is no known physical mechanism to reverse a catastrophic big crunch.Off the paper and into the real world of physics, those mo dels start from the Big Bang, expand, collapse, and thats the end.2. Denial of cause and effectSome physicists assert that quantum mechanics violates this cause/effect principle and can produce something from nothing. For instance, Paul Davies writesspacetime could appear out of nothingness as a result of a quantum transition. Particles can appear out of nowhere without specific causation Yet the world of quantum mechanics routinely produces something out of nothing.9But this is a pure(a) misapplication of quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics never produces something out of nothing. Davies himself admitted on the previous page that his scenario should not be taken too seriously.Theories that the universe is a quantum fluctuation must presuppose that there was something to fluctuate their quantum vacuum is a lot of matter-antimatter potential not nothing.Also, I have plenty of theoretical and practical experience at quantum mechanics (QM) from my doctoral thesis work. For example, R aman spectroscopy is a QM phenomenon, but from the wavenumber and intensity of the spectral bands, we can work out the masses of the atoms and force constants of the bonds causing the bands. To suffice the atheist position that the universe came into existence without a cause, one would need to find Raman bands appearing without being caused by transitions in vibrational quantum states, or alpha particles appearing without pre-existing nuclei, etc.If QM was as acausal as some people think, then we should not assume that these phenomena have a cause. Then I may as well burn my Ph.D. thesis, and all the spectroscopy journals should quit, as should any nuclear physics research.Also, if there is no cause, there is no explanation why this particular universe appeared at a particular time, nor why it was a universe and not, say, a banana or cat which appeared. This universe cant have any properties to explain its preferential coming into existence, because it wouldnt have any properties until it actually came into existence.Is creation by God rational?A last desperate maneuver by skeptics to avoid a theistic conclusion is to assert that creation in time is incoherent. Davies correctly points out that since time itself began with the beginning of the universe, it is meaningless to blather about what happened before the universe began. But he claims that causes must precede their effects. So if nothing happened before the universe began, then (according to Davies) it is meaningless to discuss the cause of the universes beginning.But the philosopher (and New Testament scholar) William Lane Craig, in a useful critique of Davies,10 pointed out that Davies is deficient in philosophical knowledge. Philosophers have long discussed the notion of simultaneous causation. Immanuel Kant (17241804) gave the example of a weight resting on a cushion simultaneously causing a depression in it. Craig saysThe first moment of time is the moment of Gods creative act and of creations s imultaneous coming to be.Some skeptics claim that all this analysis is tentative, because that is the nature of science. So this cant be used to prove creation by God. Of course, skeptics cant have it both ways saying that the Bible is wrong because science has proved it so, but if science appears consistent with the Bible, then well, science is tentative anyway.A final thoughtThe Bible informs us that time is a dimension that God created, into which man was subjected. It even tells us that one day time will no longer exist. That will be called eternity. God Himself dwells outside of the dimension He created (Titus 12). He dwells in eternity and is not subject to time. God spoke history before it came into being. He can move through time as a man flips through a history book.Because we live in the dimension of time, it is impossible for us to fully understand anything that does not have a beginning and an end. Simply accept that fact, and believe the concept of Gods eternal nature t he same way you believe the concept of space having no beginning and endby faitheven though such thoughts put a strain on our distinctly insufficient cerebrum.Paul S. Taylor, adapted from author Ray ComfortFurther editionMore information can be found in the following works. Unfortunately they are too friendly towards the unscriptural big bang theory with its billions of long time of death, suffering and disease before Adams sin. But the above arguments are perfectly consistent with a recent creation in six consecutive commonplace days, as taught by Scripture.Craig, W.L., Apologetics An Introduction (Chicago Moody, 1984).Craig, W.L. online article The Existence of God and the Beginning of the Universe http//www.leaderu.com/truth/3truth11.htmlGeisler, N.L., Christian Apologetics (Grand Rapids, Michigan Baker, 1976).How does archeology conclusively demonstrate the Bible to be reliable and unique among all the holy books of world religions?Archaeological discoveries verify the histori cal reliability of the Old and New Testaments.When compared to other religious books, the titles, and events mentioned in the Bible and the language and literary formats used to compose the Bible.Many scholars today question the validity of Biblical accounts, supposedly based on the findings of archaeology (i.e. mistaking of evidence, lack of evidence, or poor scholarship) and not with the Bible.How can archaeology prove helpful to someone seeking for truth to the basic questions about life?The discoveries of archaeology can be helpful in removing doubts that a person might have about the historical trustworthiness of the Bible. The places, and events of the Bible are real.What Gods Word? any(prenominal) one discovery can be explained away as coincidence, or an alternative interpretation can be given to disassociate it from the Bible. It is the weight of a myriad of discoveries that demonstrates the Bible to be the Word of God.These discoveries fall into three categoriesArchaeologic al evidence demonstrates the historical and cultural accuracy of the Bible.The Bibles message of a salvation stands in sharp contrast to the pagan fertility religions of the ancient world as, revealed by archaeology.Archaeological findings demonstrate that the Biblical prophets accurately predicted events hundreds of years before they occurredsomething that lies beyond the strength of mere men.Where did Cain get his wife?We dont even know her name, yet she was discussed at the wife in history?Scripture and, thus, the Christian faith.For instance, at the historic Scopes runnel in Tennessee in 1925, William Jennings Bryan, the prosecutor who stood for the Christian faith, failed to answer the question about 3 lawyer Clarence Darrow.The worlds press was focused on this trial, and what they heard has affected Christianity to this dayChristians are seen as unable to defend the biblical record. And skeptics then make the logically fallacious jump of concluding that the biblical record i s indefensibleThe agnostic Carl Sagan used this same question in his book ContactContact, which was based on Sagans book, also used it.In the book, the fictional character Ellie could not get answers about 6Sagan vigorously used common questionssuch as Who was Cains wife?questions that are often directed at Christians in an attempt to prove the Bible cannot be defended.Sadly, most Christians probably could not answer these questions And yet, there are answers. But, since most churches are lacking in the teaching of 1 Peter 315).Why is it important?Many skeptics have claimed that, for New Testament doctrines depend.Defenders of the Genesis 41-55.)Before we answer this question, we will first show how important it is to the meaning of the gospel.The first manTherefore, even as through one man Romans 512).We read in God did not start by making a whole group of men.The sin of rebellion, also passed on to all his posterity.Since return to GodBecause a man brought Romans 323). What is th e solution?The Last Adampay the penalisation for sinFor since by a man came 8God.Since the Bible describes all human beings as gospel could not be explained or defended.The Hebrews 211-18).Thus, only descendants of the first man saved.All relatedThus, there was only one man at the beginningmade from the Genesis 27).This also means that Adams descendants.The first womanIn Eveshe was the first woman.marriage of one man to one woman.Also, in animals, he could not find a matethere was no one of his kind.All this makes it obvious that there was only one woman, Eves descendants.If Christians cannot defend that all humans (including gospel and all that it teaches.Cains brothers and sistersGenesis 425), were part of the first generation of children ever born on this earth.Even though only these three males are mentioned by name, Genesis 53) before Seth was born.During their lives, Adams children, as says the old tradition, was thirty-three sons and twenty-three daughters.The Genesis 128).T he wifeIf we now work totally from Scripture, without any personal prejudices or other extra-biblical ideas, then back at the beginning, when there was only the first generation, brothers would have had to have married sisters or there would be no more generationsWe are not told when marriages and children, but we can say for certain that some brothers had to adopt their sisters at the beginning of human history.But what about Gods Laws?Many people straight reject the conclusion that Gods law originally when close relatives (even brothers and sisters) married each other.Remember that Moses laws that forbade such marriages.Biological deformitiesToday, brothers and sisters (and half-brothers and half-sisters, etc.) are not permitted by law to marry because their children have an unacceptably high risk of being deformed. The more closely the parents are related, the more likely it is that any offspring will be d

The History Of Genting Malaysia Berhad Tourism Essay

The History Of Genting Malaysia Berhad Tourism EssayGenting Malaysia Berhad was once known as recur valet Sdn Bhd, which was a sh atomic number 18 limited private company, incorporated under the Companies Act 1980, on 7 May 1980. The name was changed into asylum World Bhd from 1989 2009, creation a exculpated company and lastly known as Genting Malaysia Berhad. In 1989, Genting Malaysia had become an entire gaming, hotel and resort-related operations company. Shares of Genting Malaysia call for been listed on Bursa Malaysia since 22 December 1989. Genting Malaysia has multiform in unemployed services and hospitality business field for everyplace 45 years, such as theme parks, gaming, hotels, seaside resorts and entertainment. It has a loyalty bait programmed named Genting World Card which contains over 3.3 million members al star in its Malaysias operations.The top business in the company is utilizes World Genting. It is a great place for family leisure and entertainment resort. It was situated at the top of Genting Highland and having around 19 millions of controlors annually for the past five years. The resort there has six hotels which are Highlands Hotel, fall back Hotel, Theme Park Hotel, Maxims Genting, Genting Hotel and First World Hotel. in that respect 10,000 over entourage prepared for the visitors time by time. Theme parks (including bulge outdoors and indoors), dining restaurant, mega shows and legion(predicate) much entertainment are all ready at unmatchable mending.Genting Highlands Resort was voted the Worlds Leading cassino Resort at the year 2005, 2007 and 2008 and Asias Leading Casino Resort from 2005 to 2008 by World Travel Awards. Located c fall away to Resorts World Genting, the operating business of Awana Genting Highlands Golf Country Resort too owned by Genting Malaysia. It has two chains named Awana Kijal Golf, B separately Spa Resort and Awana Porto Malai located at Terengganu and Langkawi subsequently, which a re both two beautiful seaside. First World Hotel has won the worlds largest hotel with 6,118 rooms as recorded in the Guinness World Records and Ripleys Believe It or Not. Genting Malaysia did an equity investment on the Star Cruises Limited (the leading cruise operator of Asia Pacific) by 19.3%.Organizational ChartGenting Malaysia Berhad is a profitable organization. Its common excogitation as others companies is to unifying its heap and forces. It coordinated their twisters to work unneurotic for a common purpose to give the beaver services and entertainment to customer as possible. With the organization division of labor function, it leads to greater efficiency in their workers performance in contrasting categories and fields. Furthermore, an organization chart shows the hierarchy of authority through the chain of command (from the command from the board of authorities to the presidents and lastly to the workers). Genting Malaysia Berhad is accessing the wide bridge circu it of control as shown on the chart above all department was under the control of a chairman/chief executive- Tan Sri Lim Kok Thay. Next, this company has fallen on the handning(a) structure. The workers are all grouped under the categories of similar work specialties to ease the management of the whole organizations operation. Every department has their own specialized professionals in baseball club to carry out the task given. On the same time, Genting Malaysia Berhad is a mechanistic organization. Its authority is centralized and employees are closely supervised in carrying out each specific job. For examples, reports are unavoidable for any operations carried out. With the centralized hierarchy of authority, any instruction given by the chairman needed to be followed. avowedly too that theres a lot of rules and procedures set by the company to obtained disciplined workers. For instance, letter must be written for requesting a lift and workers are needed to give reasons fo r why are they late and hand in a formal letter after that. Specialized task is a must for every department in order to run the organization smoothly. In the other side, it would be something special that in a mechanistic company, it has a wide span of control and flatter structures. Genting Malaysia Berhad undergoes differentiation as the organization are somehow operating under their own functions and do non need to work together to achieve the same purpose. It has a large organizational size as there are approximately 19,000 of full-time employees working under their organization.Chairman captain ExecutiveTan Sri Lim Kok ThayDeputy Chairman of the BoardTun Mohammad Hanif bin Omar directorTan Sri Alwi JantanDirectorMr. Quah Chek TinDirectorTeo Eng SiongDirectorTan Sri mohd Zahidi bin Hj ZainuddinDirectorTan Sri Clifford Francis Herbert senior(a) crime President- eService Rick ManagementMr. Thomas Ng Seng SiewSenior depravity President- Human ResourcesMr Eddie Teh Yong TengCh ief Financial OfficerMs. Koh Poh YongExecutive Vice President Resorts OperationsDato Kevin Sim Kia JuPresident Chief Operating OfficerDato Lee Choong YanSenior Vice President Finance Corporate AffairsMr. James Koh Chuan SengSenior vice President Hotel OperationsMr. Edward Arthur HollowaySenior Vice President- Casino Security OperationsMr. Lim Eng MingSenior Vice President- Public Relationship CommunicationsDato Anthony Yeo Keat SeongSenior Vice President- Casino Operations-Mr. Aaron Chia Khong ChidSenior Vice President- Casino MarketingMr Leow Beng HooiPlanning and Strategic ManagementBasic Strategies used to respond to uncertaintyThe Genting Group was found in 1965 by Malaysian entrepreneur the late Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong. The group has over 26 years of live in arriveing, operating and marketing casinos and integrated resorts in different parts of the world. This company is using prospector strategies to do their business.Genting group has more than 26 years of experience in developing, operating and marketing casinos and integrated resorts in different parts of the world, It also includes the Americas, Australia, Malaysia, the Philippines, capital of Singapore and get together Kingdom. Genting Highland is the only one legal casino in Malaysia. It has been voted Malaysias leading corporation and one of Asias best managed multinationals. The groups integrated resort is Resorts World Genting, formerly known as Genting Highlands Resort.Genting Group is respond in prospectors. Although their main activities are casino and theme park tho this company try to develop in others part. Genting Group starts to open concert shows, Strawberry Farm, food beverage and retail shopping in Genting highlands Resort. It is one of the close to universal tourist destinations in Malaysia. The Genting Group has since expanded and diversified into other activities including plantations, properties, power generation, oil and gas, e-commerce, information technology and biot echnology. This company brave in toilsome saucy things and will not let its product stop on a point.Genting Highland Resort is under Genting Group, it always show the prosperity of Malaysia during public holidays. To be a successful company, Genting Group must find an efficient and effective strategies to run a its own company .The Genting Group are responding in prospectors as their company basic strategies. It means that Genting Group will bring more services to customers and do the best in future.Establish Vision and explosive chargeMissionThe purpose of Genting Group are 1. Always care in changing demands of their customers and excel in providing quality products and services to satisfy customers wants.2. Promise to revolution and the utilization of new technology to achieve competitive advantage.3. Be responsible in generate a rational return to their shareholders.4. Emphasize in personnel office policies which recognize and reward performance to exploit them better. Enco urage contributions of employees and provide proper training, development and opportunities for career advancement.5. Be a responsible corporate citizen, always increase corporate governance and transparency.VisionThe Genting Group wish to be the leading multinational corporation committed to increase value of shareholders and keep maintaining long-term sustainable growth in their core businesses.SWOT ANALYSISStrengthsIn 1997, Genting Highlands resort has launched a Skyway cable car which was further boosted its facility attraction. The Genting Skyway acquired the Worlds hot Mono Cable Car System with a speed at most 21.6km per hour and the Longest Cable Car in Malaysia and southwestwardeast Asia. In fact, a lot of transportation is available, such as rental car, taxis, express bus, limousine coaches, shuttle services, or charter helicopter.Genting Highlands Resort possesses five hotels, namely Genting Hotel, Highlands Hotel, Resort Hotel, Theme Park Hotel and First World Hotel an d two apartment blocks, Ria and Kayangan Apartment at the hilltop and Awana Genting Highlands Golf and Country Resort. All these hotels are flip favorable housing and delicious cooking. Besides, large shopping malls are there for the visitors to grab anything that they wish for.Today, Genting Berhad is a multinational corporation in Malaysia that has been recognized by dissimilar organizations for its typical leadership and management. Besides, Genting Berhad was acknowledged as the No.1 Leading union Street Journal 200(formerly Far Eastern Economic Review 200). Genting Berhad was also rated No.1 in Malaysia and No.2 in Asia for Overall Best Managed Company for the Decade by Asia money and No.5 in Best Corporate Social Responsibility.Furthermore, Genting is a good choice for a cart family and children because of the present of outdoor theme park and indoor. The theme parks offer unique experience of snow villages and haunted adventures that poop satisfy every merriment seeker . Foe the cyber addict, Genting provides the most up-to-the-minute cyber games in the cyber. In addition, the casino in Genting which is the only legal casino in Malaysia is the most attraction to the adults because all the popular romp games are provided included Chinese games.WeaknessesNext, one of the businesses running in Genting such as casinos crowd out only participated by non-Muslim because it locates in an Islamic country. thus they lose a large amount of customer.Lastly, in order to provide the best goods and services, the equipment of the hotels, and the justty plan to make customer feel doodad, their cost to run out these services is large.OpportunitiesGeographically, Genting Berhad located in a peak of Titiwangsa Mountain, with an altitude of 2000 meters above sea level. Genting is surrounded by a flourishing green plant in its valley, the characteristic feature of equatorial region. The distinguishing feature of Genting is the soothing temperature which in betwee n 16 to 23 degree. The climate is usually refreshing and cold, habitually cloudy and misty therefore it provides a natural feel of air conditioning. In addition, the scenery from the peak offers an unforgettable experience of enchantment. These virtues attract the native crowd which offer them peacefulness that lack in the dusty city. These benefits will attract the tourist and foreigners come over and increase their r level offue.Besides, Genting locates within Titiwangsa Mountains and between states of Selangor and Pahang of Malaysia that is accessible by car. For example, we have to spend an hour to reach there from Kuala Lumpur. Alternatively, we can choose the cable car called Genting Skyway (3.38 km) which is used to be the fastest in the world and South East Asias longest gondola lift. It is leads to the population growth in Pahang increased from 1288376 to 1534800 since year 2000.ThreatsFirstly, Genting have to face the risk of landslide because its company located at the hi lltop. For example, theme park and casino are running at the hill. Due to the Gentings location, government has no budget to build them an electrical source and water. So, the company has to make it by themselves.Besides, gambling is a high profit business. So, a lot of competitors of Genting Company, for example China and Singapore want to open a legal gambling as well as the hotel for the gamblers to attract them. If the scenario is as mentioned, the profit which is originally can earn by Genting Berhad around the South Asia, now has to divide into several(prenominal) parts.The Casino de Genting is a support for the Malaysia government and it is also a threat. Genting supported government partaking in the casino industry is restricted, it will be a panorama for them to divert investments in other Asian country with more open gambling laws such as the Philippines is a good location to choose. So, Genting Berhad will lose the opportunities from government. Hence, the revenue of Gen ting might be decline.Besides, the price and services that charge to the customers is higher than normal company because of the company located at the hill. The cost to run out the goods and services at the hill is also high.Grand schemeThe grand strategy used by Genting Berhad is growth strategy. It helps them to become one of the largest conglomerate companies in Malaysia. It provides detailed information about Gentings first few years, and the effects of the companys founder Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong entrepreneurship and leadership. Since then explore how Genting extended to a variety of related and non-related business, as a strategy to expand its business operations in the domestic and international markets. It also details the growth strategy by the industry in each entry.Moreover, The Genting Berhad is a major player in Asia, but the owner of the $ 5.5 billion Resorts World Sentosa in Singapore is seeking global growth with break investments in the U.S. Genting recently paid $23 6 million for nearly 14 acres on the Miami waterfront. There are nearly 30 years of casino experience in hotel management, industry veteran, has joined Genting Singapore in 2010 to set up the casinos marketing team, in its flagship property, Resorts World Sentosa the city-state licensed casinos.On the other hand, Genting Berhad is eyeing casino opportunities in the highly regulated Japan or South Korea after building up a war chest of more than RM13bil to fund its expansion programme. RM13.2bil of Genting Bhds hard currency and cash equivalents on December 31, 2011 (fiscal 2011) RM11.9bil bank balances and deposits, money market instruments, while the remaining RM1.3bil. It can also lay down more cash flow each year more than RM500mil. The Group has considerable stash funds to finance its expansion plans, but obviously, this is not complacent to rest on their laurels, it has just denote plans second problem in Singapore permanent securities, in order to raise more funds.In concl usion, by using the growth strategy, Genting Berhad able to produce high quality products, good performance and provide the best service to customers.Competitive strategiesThe competitive strategy used by Genting Berhad is differentiation strategy. This competitive strategy is to offer products or services that are unique and directed to customers who are price insensitive.Genting Berhad is well-known and has wide market.Genting Behad has a large target.Five Peak Resort Hotel, Genting Hotel, Highlands Hotel, Resort Hotel, Theme Park Hotel, First World Hotel in 2004, compared to the overall average of 84% occupancy rate and average room rate of RM89, 77% and RM78 respectively 2003years. During the year, the Group continues to enhance its products and facilities, in order to attract new and repeat resort visitors. Genting Hotel, two floors were converted to the motto of the club was originally called the elect club. This hotel within a hotel concept features two villa suites, 50 sui tes, 11 executive suites and 39 executive suites, business center upgrades, private VIP check mill about and a unique dining and entertainment facilities . These contemporary designed private suites offer luxurious amenities and state-of-the-art in-room facilities as well as personalized butler service, designed to premium guests and business travelers.The geographical reach of the Internet enables distant competitors such as what Singapore and China want to do, where they want to open a gambling area for gamblers as well as the hotel to bring competition into the local market, or even an indirect competitor to compete more directly with Genting Company. However, Genting Highland is under individual land, so it doesnt have any problems since it is a monopoly type of company.There have own websites and other IT facilities, such as hotels, gambling machines, Genting World Co., Ltd. to expand its products and services, and to provide new products, to provide a differentiated product, depending on the target market. For example, the First World Hotel is a high-end market of the mid-market customers, Genting Highlands Resort. by means of its Web site, customers can choose what is the best product to suit their taste and budget.Genting World Card members can get more loyal members and reward them with worthy advice and privileges as long as the use of the card any the Genting products and services.In conclusion, Genting is using differentiation competitive strategy in their business. By using this strategy, they can keep improving their service and get the competitive advantage in future.RecommendationRecommendations on utilizing the strengths of Genting Malaysia BerhadFor strength, Genting Company should enhance the security measures in their transportation facilities. As people know, Genting is very well-known with Skyway cable car which is known as the Longest Cable Car in Malaysia and Southeast Asia .But however, some people will insist to drive there rather than utilizing the cable car. This because people will assume that the Skyway cable car is not really safe as the security measures are not strong enough to support their weight .Hence, people will choose not to utilize the facility.For the second strength, Genting Company possesses many hotels to attract customers. Besides comfortable housing and delicious food, Genting Company should build in more entertainment corners for their customers. For example gym room for customers to work out meanwhile to release stress, coffee room to give customer a small corner to relax and interact with each other, spa that allows customers to bed and release themselves, swimming pool and so on. All these facilities will definitely attract more customers to come over.In addition, Genting should use their names of becoming the foremost Leading Company Street Journal 200(formerly Far Eastern Economic Review 200) to become the 1st company in the world instead of Malaysia. Genting should in the end i mprove their leadership and management to achieve the goal. For example, Genting Company should give their workers more training and therefore self development of every worker may occur.The location where Genting Company has now is totally a good strength for their company to attract customers. The flourishing green forest around them and the soothing temperature in Genting is one of the main attractions of Genting. To attract more people for coming to Genting, Genting Company should enhance the great environment that they already had now. Genting Company should emphasize more on the environmental problem so that the environment will always be the one who can attracts customers to Genting.Moreover, Genting is the best choice where every people can go no matter the young or the old people. For young people, they can enjoy the theme park to the extreme high level while for the elders one, they can consecrate a visit to the casino .The casino is one of the legal casino in Malaysia an d hence Genting should eventually upgrade it to attract more customers to come over . As a result, Genting should employ more workers to work in the casino and give them some intensive training to show their professionalism to the customers.Recommendations on utilizing the opportunities of Genting Malaysia BerhadThe weather in Genting is one of the best opportunities among all the others which eventually attract people to Genting. The cold weather in Genting is rarely found in Malaysia and even other places which are not higher than 26 degree Celsius and not dismay than 14 degree Celsius. This perfect weather makes people wanted to pay a visit to Genting for entertainment due to the hot weather in Malaysia or extremely cold weather in other places.Besides that, the location of Genting also becomes one of the opportunities for Genting. Genting locates within Titiwangsa Mountains and between states of Selangor and Pahang which is not that for from every state so that people from ever y state are able to come over. Moreover, the location is accessible by car which gives another convenience for people to come over. As a result, people can easily travel to Genting as they want due to the convenience that Genting have.Recommendation to strike weaknesses of Genting Malaysia BerhadAs we analyzed, the first weakness of this company is one of the business running in Genting like casino is not suitable for non-Muslims. There is no certain ways to cure this weakness as it is related to religious issue. Meanwhile, Genting can set up more business centre which suits everyone even every religious to replace the loss of customers and income.Large costs to run out the best goods and services are also one of the weaknesses for Genting. Genting should try to queue their internal and external expenses to save for other usage. For example, they can find some company to sponsor their costs for certain activities such as live shows and concerts. It can reduce the burden for Gentin g.Recommendation to overcome threats of Genting Malaysia BerhadAs stated in the SWOT analysis, the first weakness is the risk of landslide because Genting is located at the hilltop. To overcome this weakness, a retaining wall should be built. A solid, well-designed retaining wall should made by strong and reliable materials. The stability of the wall can increase by the drainpipe materials behind the wall. Besides that, a diverting debris pathway can also prevent landslide. It can create with the help of retaining wall.Besides, the next threats are the new entrants from foreign countries such as Singapore and China. To counter this threat, it is crucial to stress out the competitive advantage having by Genting which is the weather and location. For those new entrants, they may not have the unique weather that Genting has. So, the competitive advantage of Genting needs to be stressed that it is a best place to have the theme park ardour and accommodation hotel with the cold weather as its located at the hilltop. Apart from this, Genting seems to have a good and strategic location. This is because it is located almost the middle of peninsular Malaysia. The important thing is, Genting is a place that would not miss out whenever tourists visit Kuala Lumpur because it is very near.Lastly, the price and services that charge to the customers is higher than normal company. This may lead to decrease in consumption by customers. In order to overcome this problem, Genting should consider adjusting the fees and charges. They can try to conduct some special activities with lower charges or promotions during holidays or specific festivals to attract customers in order to increase revenue. As a consumer, people will be easier attracted and tend to spend more when these activities with lower prices is conducting. It also purposely will increase companys profit. Genting should also take note that high prices of goods and services will reduce the demand from customers.Conclusi onIn conclusion, the attraction of Genting Highland is known as the Fun City above the Cloud due to the refreshing weather. Genting Group comprises four listed entities such as Genting Malaysia Berhad, Genting Plantations Berhad, Genting Singapore Plc and Genting Hong Kong Limited. According to the latest information, in December 2006, Genting Group won the tender in obtaining one of two Singapore casino licenses to build a resort, called Resorts World Sentosa, which is under Genting Singapore. The project is to create a symbol major tourist attraction for the booming Asian tourism market. In 2007, Genting Plantations try into biotechnology to develop complex genomic processes and naturally occurring processes for alternative energy resources through an equally owned joined venture with Synthetic Genomics. In September 2010, Genting New York won a bid to build a racino at Aqueduct Race Track in New York City, this is the first step of a planned expansion in the United States. In Jun e 2011, Genting UK was awarded a casino license for a 55,000 sq-meter mixed-use facility in Birmingham. The development is in partnership with the NEC Group. In Malaysias Leading 100 refine Employers Award 2011, Genting Malaysia Berhadis one of the Top 10 Leading Employers and also becoming the Winner in Leisure, Travel and Hospitality Sector which is awarded by GTI Media and trendence Institute. In the Malaysia kB Awards, Genting Malaysia Berhad has been awarded the Industry Excellence Award Hotel Sector 2010/2011 by BASIS Publications House Sdn Bhd Malaysia National News Agency (BERNAMA).Genting Group is making Malaysia major in offers a wide range of facilities, entertainment, and others. Besides that, Genting Group has almost US$46 billion at 31 May 2011 in combined market capitalization. Genting not only popular in Asian, it also has a lot of product spread all over. Without doubt, Genting is a good image company.Reference and Appendiceshttp//www.gentingmalaysia.com/malaysi a_workplace.htmhttp//www.genting.com/groupprofile/rwb.htmlhttp//www.gentingmalaysia.com/profile.htmhttp//www.gentingmalaysia.com/bod.htmhttp//www.theofficialboard.com/org-chart/resorts-worldhttp//nurinabalqis.tripod.com/id14.htmlhttp//essaysforstudent.com/Business/Genting-Group/5284.html (function() var scribd = document.createElement(script) scribd.type = text/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() http//www.reportlinker.com/p0794400/Genting-Malaysia-Berhad-Company-Profile-and-SWOT-Analysis.htmlhttp//ebookbrowse.com/genting-berhad-swot-analysis-bac-pdf-d275936981

Truman Doctrine :: essays research papers

The Truman Doctrine In order to contain socialism,President Harry S. Truman issued the Truman Doctrine in1947, which tind attend to Greece and Turkey. TheUnited States gave aid to those countries, specifically,because it felt they were most threatened by Communismduring the time of the Cold War (Ferrell, pg.105).Communism is an economic system in which a single companionshipcontrols the means of production with the aim ofestablishing a classless society (Encarta). The period afterWorld War II, up until the year 1990, when The Cold Warended, was controlled by two superpowers, the UnitedStates and the Soviet coalescence. The United States was led byPresident Harry S. Truman, who was thrown into thepresidency by the unexpected death of Franklin D.Roosevelt, and the Soviet coalition was led by Joseph Stalin(McCullough, pg. 371). Each expressed different views onpolitics, economics and human rights. A number of eventsoccurred which led the United States and the Soviet Unionto rent i n what is now known as the Cold War. The fiveareas of conflict were with Poland, Germany, atomicsecrets, Eastern Europe, and economic rebuilding ofWestern Europe. The Cold War was not a war in thetypical sense of the word. There were no shots fired, butrather it was a war with words. In some ways this could beconsidered worse than a real war because that type causesa lot more fear over what could occur at any moment and stomach the threats were real or not. Those countries thatsided with the United States, which were mostly WesternEuropean nations, were known as the free world. TheSoviet Union, on the other hand, occupied the EasternEuropean nations which came to be known as theCommunist Bloc (Barrons). During this time, PresidentHarry S. Truman wanted to contain Communism before itspread world-wide. He felt that this was the life-and-death pointand Truman responded by issuing the Truman Doctrine in1947. Truman feared that third world countries wouldaccept Communism. Communism 2 so unded tempting tothese countries because it would equalize everyone and itmay even provide those countries with a stable government(Ferrell, pg. 105). The main objective of the TrumanDoctrine was to support Turkey and Greece because theUnited States government felt they were most threatenedby Communism during the Cold War. The United Statesdid not want Communism to spread, in fear that it wouldform in the United States (Encarta). The United Stateswanted to show the Soviet Union that they werent theworld power and that the Soviets could not forceCommunism on other countries, especially weak, smallercountries. The Soviet Union thought they were the most

The Destruction of the American Dream in Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby

In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the main theme is almost directly related to the American Dream. The American Dream is based on the idea that any person, no matter who they are, can become successful in life by working hard. The Great Gatsby is about what happened to the American Dream during the 1920s, an era when the dream had been corrupted by the relentless pursuit of wealth. The pursuit of the American Dream is the ultimate cause of the downfall of the main character, Jay Gatsby.Throughout the story, Jay Gatsby avoids telling the truth of his hard, ordinary childhood. He does this to keep his image and to save himself from the embarrassment of universe in a state of poverty during his youth. His parents were unsuccessful people who worked on the farm, and because of this Gatsby never really accepted them as his parents. Jay Gatsby?s real name is Jay Gatz and he is from North Dakota. He changed his name to Jay Gatsby when he was seventeen years old, which wa s the beginning of his version of the American Dream. In all realities Gatsby arose from his Platonic view of himself, the idealistic self-view that a seventeen year old boy has of himself (Fitzgerald 104). Gatsbys embarrassing childhood is a major source of determination in his attempt to achieve the American Dream.It was in the army as a young adult when Gatsby first met Daisy. He initially applaudd Daisy because of her extraordinary house and because many other men had already been with her. Gatsby fell in love with Daisy, and in turn Daisy fell in love with Gatsby. ?Daisy was the first ?nice? girl that he had ever known?(Fitzgerald 155). Their love was an uneasy one at first for Gatsby to comprehend because he wasn?t rich by any standards and ... ...ramatic affirmation in fictional terms of the American spirit in the midst of an American world that denies the soul (Bewley 46).?Gatsby?s strong desire for wealth and Daisy, (the American Dream), prove to be the greatest rea sons for his recruit downfall.Works CitedBewley, Marius. ?Scott Fitzgerald and the Collapse of the American Dream.? Modern Critical Views F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers,1985 32-45.Bruccoli, Matthew J., Preface. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. New York Simon and Schuster, 1995.Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. 1st ed. New York Scribner, 2004. Print.Mizener, Arthur. ?F.ScottFitzgerald The Great Gatsby.? The American Novel From James Fenimore Cooper to William Faulkner. Ed. Wallace Stegner. New York Basic Books, Inc., Publishers, 1965 180-191.

Effects of Absent Fathers on Adolescents Essay -- Social Issues, Divor

The role of the father, a male figure in a childs life is a very crucial role that has been diminishing over the years. An absent father can be defined in cardinal ways the father is physically not present, or the father is physically present, but emotionally present. To an adolescent, a father is an idolized figure, someone they flavor up to (Feud, 1921), thus when such a figure is an absent one, it can and will negatively affect a childs development. Many of the problems we cause in society today, such as crime and delinquency, poor academic achievement, divorce, drug use, early pregnancy and sexual activity can be attributed to fathers beingness absent during adolescent development (Popenoe, 1996 Whitehead, 1993). The percentage of adolescents growing up fatherless has risen from 17% to 36% in except three decades between 1960 and 1990 (Popenoe, 1996). Dr. Popenoe estimates this subprogram will increase to approximately 50% by the turn of the century (Popenoe, 1996). The US Census Bureau reported out of population of 24 meg children, 1 out 3 live in a home without a father (US Census Bureau, 2009). The role of a father is more than just another parent at home (Popenoe, 1996). Having a father, the male biological parent in a childs life is important because it brings a different type of parenting that cannot be replicated by anyone else (Stanton, 2010). Fathers who are present and active in a childs life provide great benefits to a developing child (Popenoe, 1996). Having a father brings a different kind of love. The love of the father is more expectant and instrumental, different from the love of a engender (Stanton, as cited in Pruett, 1987). The effect of an absent father can be quite devastating to the developing ad... ...istics, 1999). McBride, Brent A., Sara K., Sullivan, and Ho-Ho (2005) reported about the achievement levels in a adolescent who grows up with a father, A study of 1330 children from the PSID showed that fathers who are involved on a personal level with their child schooling increases the likelihood of their childs achievement. When fathers assume a positive role in their childs education, students feel a positive impact. (p. 201-216). Children who do not grow up in a two parent homes, are more likely to fail and repeat a grade in school. It is also important to note that children who grow up in single parent families are less likely to have parents involved with the school, 62% of children with two parent homes have parents that are involved in school, age children from single parent homes have half of them involved in school (Nord, Winquist, West, 2001).

Modern Industrial Economy :: essays research papers

The Modern Industrial EconomyBefore the beginning of the eighteenth century, Europe was in dire need of a transformation. One that would change their style of life, not only for the well being of the countries, but for the people as well. This transformation could mean the development of nations into world powers. This need was fulfilled by hotshot word, industrialization. Perhaps the biggest change in history was the Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth century. This was not only carrying economic changes, but social changes as well. This extensive mechanization from home manufacturing to large-scale factory production was without doubt, the largest conversion for labor fabrication. lets take a look at some necessities for a country to industrialize. First of all, raw materials would be needed in whatever attention you would want to develop. Without a source of power or materials, the product would not be able to be produced at a large factory. Surplus of viands is another ne cessity for industrialization. Without this extensive food supply, laborers would not be fed properly which could result in catastrophic losses. Another major element in the development of industry is entrepreneurs. Since Britain had a sizable middle-class with entrepreneur ideas, they seemed to fit more and more into this equation. Labor Force is also a large indorser to this cause. With an ability of laborers to leave their homes and go into factories, people started realizing the positive effects of big business. One distinct feature that was possessed by Britain was wealth. At the time, Great Britain was one of the wealthiest nations and could afford to dump large sums of money into buildings and export. Finally, one of the last things that were needed that could limit all the other elements is the possession of a government that was open to freshly ideas. If people in a nation could not get their government to back the ideas, they would have nothing. It was up to the entrepre neurs to convince the government officials that money could be do and power could be established.But why did Britain industrialize first? In the beginning of the 18th century, these qualities were not that noticeable. Actually, the Netherlands and France were just as wealthy at the time, had every bit skilled populations, and had just as powerful of an empire. The French government truly was seen as more quick to respond, especially in the area of transportation and communication.