Ethical Decision Making Model analysis Essay

What is the ethical decision making model? What is critical thinking? In this paper I will discuss the ethical decision making model and how critical thinking impacts ethical decisions. Personal experiences will be used as examples. When we are faced with making an ethical decision we are usually faced with an ethical dilemma. To make a good decision we need to use â€Å"Logical thinking that draws conclusions from facts and evidence† which according to www.ncrel.com is the definition of critical thinking. Recently I was personally faced with an ethical dilemma that has to do with work and school. I’m currently on a tuition reimbursement program though my company and there are certain criteria that will make my paid education taxable or nontaxable. Of course if my tuition is nontaxable I don’t have to pay taxes and I’ll be saving lots of money. One of the criteria for making my tuition taxable is if my educational program qualifies me for a new position at work. If I answer no, the tuition is not taxable and I’ll save some money but, in my situation the answer would be yes so my tuition should be taxed but, If I answer no, no one will find out and I’ll be cheating my company or the government out of some money. I’m now stuck with an ethical dilemma. In the end I choose to answer yes and pay the taxes, following an ethical decision making model helped me do the right thing. The ethical decision making model I followed and will break down is from the Josephson institute of ethics. The model follows 7 simple steps to finally come to a conclusion and make a decision. 1. STOP AND THINK One of the most important steps to better decisions is the oldest advice in the world: think ahead. To do so it’s necessary to first stop the momentum of events long enough to permit calm analysis. Stop and think won’t always be used if you are faced with a decision that needs to be made very quickly but, if you’re permitted the time to think about the situation you should. In my case I though about what could happen if I were to avoid paying taxes. I could get in trouble with the law and even my  company. Would it be worth getting fired? No I don’t think so. â€Å"Stopping to think provides several benefits. It prevents rash decisions. It prepares us for more thoughtful discernment. And it can allow us to mobilize our discipline† (1). 2. CLARIFY GOALS Before you choose, clarify your short- and long-term aims. Determine which of your many wants and don’t-wants affected by the decision are the most important. The big danger is that decisions that fulfill immediate wants and needs can prevent the achievement of our more important life goals. If I were to break the law it would definitely affect my goal of getting my BS in business management. I could also loose my job if I didn’t pay taxes and I wouldn’t have the resources to pay for school. 3. DETERMINE FACTS Be sure you have adequate information to support an intelligent choice. You can’t make good decisions if you don’t know the facts. To determine the facts, first resolve what you know and, then, what you need to know. If you don’t have enough facts then go find out more about it. Once we know more facts we then see that more decision factors come into play and it’s easier to make a decision. Here are some guidelines provide by Josephson institute: Consider the reliability and credibility of the people providing the facts. Consider the basis of the supposed facts. If the person giving you the information says he or she personally heard or saw something, evaluate that person in terms of honesty, accuracy and memory. Remember that assumptions, gossip and hearsay are not the same as facts. Consider all perspectives, but be careful to consider whether the source of the information has values different than yours or has a personal interest that could affect perception of the facts. Where possible seek out the opinions of people whose judgment and character  you respect, but be careful to distinguish the well-grounded opinions of well-informed people from casual speculation, conjecture and guesswork. Finally, evaluate the information you have in terms of completeness and reliability so you have a sense of the certainty and fallibility of your decisions. To find out the facts about my tax evasion I ask my friend Megan Kau who’s a tax attorney what she thought I should do. Let’s just say that the punishment is worse than the crime and that’s all the facts that I needed. 4. DEVELOP OPTIONS â€Å"Now that you know what you want to achieve and have made your best judgment as to the relevant facts, make a list of options, a set of actions you can take to accomplish your goals† (2). If it’s an especially important decision, talk to someone you trust so you can broaden your perspective and think of new choices. If you can think of only one or two choices, you’re probably not thinking hard enough but, in my case I would be breaking the law so actually there were no other choices. I was either breaking the law or not breaking the law. 5. CONSIDER CONSEQUENCES Two techniques help reveal the potential consequences also provided by Josephson Institute: â€Å"Pillar-ize† your options. Filter your choices through each of the Six Pillars of Character: trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring and citizenship. Will the action violate any of the core ethical principles? For instance, does it involve lying or breaking a promise, is it disrespectful to anyone, is it irresponsible, unfair or uncaring, does it involve breaking laws or rules? Eliminate unethical options. Identify the stakeholders and how the decision is likely to affect them. Consider your choices from the point of view of the major stakeholders. Identify whom the decision will help and hurt. In this case, I’ve said before, I would have been breaking the law and if I  anyone were to find out about it I would be very ashamed of what I did. In prior readings I remember a quote that said â€Å"to make a ethical decision ask yourself, would you be ok with it if it was posted on the front page of your local news paper†, If the answer is no, then don’t do it. 6. CHOOSE It’s time to make a decision. If the choice is not immediately clear, use on of the following strategies to make the decision: Talk to people whose judgment you respect. Seek out friends and mentors, but, once you’ve gathered opinions and advice, the ultimate responsibility is still yours. What would the most ethical person you know do? Think of the person you know or know of who has the strongest character and best ethical judgment. Then ask yourself: what would that person do in your situation? Think of that person as your decision-making role model and try to behave the way he or she would. I choose to do the right thing which is to pay taxes. 7. MONITOR AND MODIFY Since most hard decisions use imperfect information and â€Å"best effort† predictions, some of them will inevitably be wrong. â€Å"Ethical decision-makers monitor the effects of their choices. If they are not producing the intended results or are causing additional unintended and undesirable results, they re-assess the situation and make new decisions† (3). In my case I think I’ll live with the decision I’ve made. No one will be hurt by my decision and the law won’t be broken on my part. As you can see making an ethical decision can be broken down with the 7 steps provided and if the steps are followed, an ethical decision should be made. Critical thinking plays a big part in making my decision even when following the 7 steps listed. Again critical thinking is â€Å"Logical thinking that draws conclusions from facts and evidence†. Critical thinking plays a huge role in step 3 of the model that I used. I think step 3 is one of the most important steps in the process. Sometimes I still have the urge to save some money and skip out on paying taxes but, because I’ve used critical thinking as part of my decision, I’ve learned to know that facts are important and in the end making the right decision will better me in the future and also help me reach my goals with less obstacles. Works Cited The seven step path to better decisions http://www.josephsoninstitute.org/MED/MED-4sevensteppath.htm Web definitions www.ncrel.com

Findings of Hoi Tin Tong Essay

Nowadays, about one half of youngsters would eat Chinese herbal food. 70% of them would not buy Chinese herbal food more than 3 times per month since it is not a necessary food. The whole of youngsters would not spend more than $400/month and majority of them would not spend more than $100 per month. Basically, all youngsters have a habit for buying specify brand. Mass of them would Chinese herbal food due to the avail. Over 50% of them would consider the needs, price and brand. They would obtain the information from own experiences, friends, family and internet for making buying decision to the food. Since Hoi Tin Tong is a famous and traditional brand in HK, also Hung Fook Tong has built up a fashion image to youngsters and has various types of products, they are the major brand of youngsters would buy constantly. They have occupied half of market and are chosen by 25% of youngsters separately. The others brands are Nin Jiom, Tung Fong Hung, Eu Yan Sang†¦ Thus, Hung Fook Tong is the main competitor of Hoi Tin Tong in market of Chinese Herbal Food. Anyway, a few youngsters feel no need and it is without effectiveness of Chinese herbal food. Hoi Tin Tong Herbal Turtle Gummy : Although â€Å"Hoi Tin Tong† is a famous brand in HK, not more than 50% of youngsters have bought its products before. It proofs that Hoi Tin Tong’s promotion cannot bring stimulate feeling to youngsters. Lots of them have eaten traditional herbal jelly before and some of them have eaten freshness retained jelly series and new product – herbal gummy series. TV advertisement is the chief to communicate with multitude. It has large broad coverage and stronger impression. So that TV advertisement of herbal turtle gummy is successful for the target group of youngsters, about 60% of youngsters have known this new product and around 30% of them have bought before. They feel it is an originality product for the market. Besides, least 30% of youngsters would get the information from friends, family and branch. It is one of the media to spread the gummy. Youngsters are updated to trend by keeping close pace with advertisement and influenced by their friends or family members in certain extend. However turtle gummy is a new product in the market, most of them would make buying decision due to curiousness thus. Some of them would buy the gummy base on friend’s recommendations, as youngsters are affected by their contemporaries easily. Only a few youngsters would buy base on the avail, brand and needs, because youngsters cannot obtain enough information from fewer channel. But around 40% of them still feel the advertisement lack of persuasion; they would not spend more money on the unnecessary goods, as they are not understand the avail and advantages absolutely of gummy. In order to draw their attention and propagandize the characteristic of gummy, Hoi Tin Tong should add some new elements into and retain the good one. For example, invite a star who to be their spokesman to promote the gummy can attract youngsters. Then, youngsters build up a smart image thought the advertisement. By the taste of gummy, combine with product test, most of youngsters are not favor the taste of turtle gummy so much, even unpalatable. Over 80% of them gave not more than 6 marks (0=the lowest, 10=the highest). And they said that the gummy is strange and too bitter. Also, some of them feel thirsty after eating. Hoi Tin Tong may make some changes of the taste in order to increase the opportunity of continuously youngsters’ buying behavior. Moreover, majority of youngsters buy the gummy from branch. All of them feel so difficult to buy and over 50% of youngsters expect that they can buy from convenience and supermarket. Even this is one of the important reasons to generate why they do not buy the gummy. In addition, all the world is face the financial tsunami now; youngsters feel the price is too expensive. It also is one of the main reasons for the youngsters do not buy the gummy. They would compare the gummy with others gummy in the market base on the taste, size, avail, brand, etc. Also, they feel the avail is not as same as traditional turtle jelly. And half of youngsters suggested that the best price should be $8/pack. Thus, Hoi Tin Hong should modulate the price of turtle gummy to humor the younger. Furthermore, more than half of youngsters would keep on consuming it, if turtle gummy is conductive to improve the health. So Hoi Tin Tong should do something to set a certain image for turtle gummy and show detail information of its avail to youngsters Besides, there are about 75% of youngsters feel the package of gummy is quite beautiful. The yellow color is very sharp. But package design is not enough to make buying decision of youngsters; over 50% of them don’t like the gummy as they like traditional turtle jelly more. The majority reasons are that they feel the taste of jelly is better and like eating in the branch. Only 40% of them like turtle gummy more, because they feel the package are convenience to carry out anywhere. Minority of them like gummy more than jelly is due to the cheaper price and better taste. Ultimately, we know that youngsters have not enough information to realize turtle gummy. Then, they would not buy and try it in order to reduce the risk. Hoi Tin Tong should establish a positive and special image for turtle first. It can increase satisfaction of youngsters and modify their viewpoints being better.

The Ancient Romans Ict Resource Education Essay

As a group we researched and discussed how to make an Interactive White Board ( IWB ) resource. As we work in different stages it was nem con agreed to aim Old ages 5/6 as we could be far more proficient and stretch the more capable kids whilst still maintaining it simple for the non so competent. We chose the subject The Ancient Romans as it followed the course of study and we thought it would appeal to the bulk. Visually the colorss were chosen for their clear contrast, the ruddy button to promote the kid to force, the blue for its cosmopolitan entreaty and the fount and size to do it simple to read. Duration of the resource is wholly down to the users ability, the initial bringing takes merely proceedingss to explicate, one time the kids reach the options they choose and the nexus takes them straight to the www.bbc.education.history.co.uk which gives them multitudes of farther options and picks. Synergistic engagement is easy obtained as was apparent in our feedback from students, we delivered it to our students and their involvement was promoting, they responded to the Dr. Who music, they were eager to take portion in the initial group undertaking that involved them pressing the large ruddy button. They every bit enjoyed the ulterior undertaking of partner offing up and researching themselves. Auditory wise the Dr.Who Music proved popular, adding to the Time Machine subject that IWB resource pertained to. The www.bbc.bytesize.co.uk had video links on the different classs. Vocabulary was kept at a degree that the mark group could entree entirely and with support where needed. It introduced the kids to new words within topics they had non yet researched. It challenged some of them but encouraged inquiries and struck up some interesting accounts. Authenticity and credibleness were indispensable, it may be a history subject but the web site still needs to be up to day of the month and reliable, which theDecisionThe resource we chose proved to be animating, educational, uniting larning with merriment and creativeness. The Learning journey of a kid in today ‘s school has be entwined with ITC package, pupils assurance to seek new things increases as they learn new accomplishments, one time they are confident in the country of engineering merely so can you get down disputing them. This resource encouraged us as a group to do better usage of engineerings across all countries of acquisition. The range to develop through ICT is unsurmountable, ICT is embedded in mundane pattern and portion of kids ‘s mundane lives and to hold a acquisition environment without it would be uncomplete and out of touch with the kids ain world. In drumhead if this subject and been delivered vocally and kids told to research in the library it w ould hold been far less productive and gratifying. Task two The development of ICT and the Role of the Learning Support Worker The Development of ICT and the Role of the Learning Support Worker The Role of the Learning Support Worker ( LSW ) has evolved from the ‘classroom helper ‘ who was normally seen as the assistant, there chiefly to undertake the humble occupations so the instructor could learn. The National Curriculum ( NC ) now advocates the usage of ICT to back up and heighten all topics within the NC. The LSW will integrate the usage of engineering in every country of the support they deliver. The ICT suite which is now an built-in portion of the school, as critical as the assembly hall or the resort area, has developed into a hub of action used daily by all capable instructors. The LSW will be trained to present the bulk of differentiated Sessionss within this suite. A timetable system is indispensable as categories clamber for a slot. The LSW will pass an increasing sum of their clip oversing students who are reassigning duologue from paper, graphs from books, information notes on to publish so as to show their work to a wider audience, ICT is subtly present throughout the course of study, alongside the usual ICT session delivered by the ICT instructor. Teachers ICT cognition is now extremely developed, no longer the sphere of the engineering section, instructors and LSWs likewise are now trained suitably and updated in line with new ordinances and policies. Some LSWs will hold embarked on their callings without any or relevant preparation, historically it was non a demand to hold academic makings, competent reading, composing and numerical accomplishments and a passion to back up kids were sufficient. As clip Marches on and outlooks and developing move onwards and upwards each school can utilize their ain bench grade when using new LSWs and places are much sought after, campaigners are now qualified, extremely trained and specialised. The tremendous figure of classs on offer pertaining to the public assistance of a kid in the educational system is of all time increasing, these makings are immediately movable and a fillip for persons seeking the place of a LSW. Persons already employed in this field must add to their ain crediblenes s and add ICT, Data Protection, Health and Safety etc to their portfolios. Technology invades everyones lifes at place and work, kids fortuitously have entree to computing machines every bit good as instructors and parents, the LSW should see their place as the gum that meshes the whole saber saw. Many parents are non cognizant of the handiness of the school and their kids own larning journey but the LSW has the chance to explicate merely to parents that by logging on, choosing their kids own twelvemonth group they can supervise and detect advancement. It is problematic whether instructors are going redundant, the fact that new engineerings and ICT resources are widely available will non thin the demand for instructors and LSWs, yet it will take to the function being streamlined and redefined. The instructor is germinating into a builder and facilitator. Many new demands are expected of instructors today, these demands will increase and germinate with new statute law as the course of study and ICT merge. They include: Helping students measure up and formalize resources and cognition Critical open-mindedness Active in join forcesing and easing Interceding with scholars about their cognition Aid scholars scaffold their acquisition With new demands come new competences, the LSW is progressively expected to develop and construct on their ICT accomplishments. They are encouraged and funded to be more competent. These are a few of the new competences required to integrate ICT into instruction: Creativity affecting engineering Flexibility to exchange instruction tools in distinction Logistic accomplishments to utilize the ICT resources optimally Administrative/organisational accomplishments The close hereafter developments sing ICT and how it transfers to all topics is animating and as a LSW it is now accepted that we raise our cognition base in line with the kids we are trying to assist, it is a common experience that the kids are far more computing machine literate than most instructors and LSWs, when this is obvious we can merely think the instructor loses some credibleness and regard in this field. An mundane illustration of how the function as an LSW has changed sing ICT is in the context of a literacy lesson, historically we would hold been assigned a one to one or little group, asked to back up them in their apprehension in general reading and authorship. Increasingly todays literacy lessons are preponderantly delivered on a IWB, students of all abilities are asked to take part, we now encourage the less able kids to entree the IWB, instruct what to click/press/drag etc and guarantee inclusion, this is a signifier of technological distinction, easy measure by measure instructions. As the LSW cognition additions they are able to help in presentations and power point undertakings, they confidently explain and teach how to make multimedia paperss, incorporating ICT into most activities ( particularly for dyslexic or autistic spectrum persons ) . It is critical to exhibit a sound cognition of anything you are trying to explicate. Most LSW would hold struggled merely a few old ages ago with the most basic usage of package for word processing, spreadsheets, emails etc. Supporting Every Child ( 2009 ) ( pg.151 ) discusses the NC hereafter, it is apparent that learning methods have changed due to new engineerings, and whilst learning methods can be blended utilizing the ‘talk and chalk ‘ theoretical account of learning or the IWB method, it is normally accepted that now or in the close hereafter and beyond it will be acceptable to present a mixture of learning methods to allow students at appropriate times. Will we see ICT promoted to a nucleus topic, scientific discipline is now regarded every bit of import as maths and English, the course of study is presently and invariably been debated ( Best,1999 ) and the fact and world that ICT will be straight good for employment intents for students has to be taken into history. To foretell that ICT will go a nucleus topic is non a large gamble, it is about a given that the hereafter of acquisition will be per se linked and overlapped with engineering. Personalised Learning has been the sphere of the Particular Education Needs Co-ordinator ( SENCO ) up until late, they initiated and enforced resources, particularly the ICT resources that needed a modicum of computing machine literacy, it is now widely expected that these resources be shared with LSWs along with instructions and methodological analysis to present a individualized programme. Recording results and relaying advancement back to the SENCO is now an mundane happening and a great usage of clip and resources. Harmonizing to Becta ( 2008 ) , â€Å" We know that engineering has the possible to transform acquisition. We are committed to animating instruction suppliers to gain possible, and equip scholars for Britain ‘s future success. † E-learning is determining the function of the LSW in analogue with the larning experience of students, schools now use computing machines for place acquisition, appraisal and recording. Besides for personalizing the acquisition journey, taging and instant feedback and to present a lesson beyond the parametric quantities of the one schoolroom. The LSW has all of these resources at their disposal excessively, we are instructed to advance ICT commissariats, even when research Watson ( 2002 ) indicates that the feelings of instructors was that books are extremely effectual at raising criterions particularly in secondary schools. ICT was regarded as a less effectual proviso, nevertheless it was agreed that ICT played an of import function in bettering both maths and English accomplishments. Ofsted have been accused at being more impressed with a schools ICT suite than its library, schools spend on norm three times more on ICT than on books. Each LSW will hold their ain penchant, those competent in ICT will recommend reading online, it is our function to formalize the resource so that we guide the students in a sure manner. An LSW with small assurance in ICT will trust on books as a resource which can besides accommodate some students, non every kid has a computing machine at place or is computing machine literate. You besides get the kid that loves the aesthetic feel of a book, they will be encouraged to utilize resources that suit their ain acquisition manner. This kid will be guided to research both engineering based and library based resources. What will the function of a LSW expression like in the hereafter in relation to ICT? In order to develop we have to accept alteration, we merely accept alteration when we recognise the demand. Possibly we will be curriculum specializers, ICT being one of these fortes, or particular needs practicians or capable experts? All three are a possibility, all relevant and now that ideological barriers are being broken down slightly a certainty. The ethos of instruction is chances for all, ICT being no obstruction, e-learning is here to remain and a model we have to encompass. The LSW function will be re-graded, into sub-grades, general helpers, SEN helpers, admin helpers, capable based helpers, ICT helpers and every other possible helper relevant to educating kids in between. The hereafter will see a clip when specializer trained helpers take specific lessons. The lessons will fall into the model for learning but will be recognized officially and work in partnership with the to the full qualified instructor. Partnership and shared vision are cardinal words, senior helpers will form and deploy undertakings to take down ranked helpers. With increased ICT accomplishments learning helpers of the hereafter will research and discuss capable development. The Admin helper will utilize engineering to portion and roll up information, attending monitoring, accomplishments, email lessons, parental engagement and in clip be cardinal to puting up national and international acquisition between organisations. When advertisement for a LSW, it will be for a specific accomplishment and intent. Qualifications will be indispensable and the functions will accommodate a scope, those that want to by and large assist out with the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours attention of kids, escorting and oversing, those that are more calling focused and those that enter into support work with an unfastened head willing to larn on the occupation. In decision, the future function and re-structuring of the LSW depends on the successful deployment of this valuable work force, which up to now as been challenged by support, loath professionals and low respect from equals in general. Change is at hand and inevitable, ICT will measure up as a nucleus topic in clip, the manner forward is for the LSW to hold their ain professional position, a set of criterions to adhere to and to work in partnership with instructors to heighten a kids larning experience. We will all be portion of the same household that live in the freshly named Centre of Educational Excellence ( CEE ) . All CEE constitutions will hold dedicated ICT suits with specialised ICT helpers, category suites will hold stand alone laptops or ipads, lessons will be delivered in a multi media method. Delivered in differentiated degrees. Each kid will hold a French telephone with a pick of buttons, they will give anon. replies to multi pick inquiries, this instant feedback will let for all kids to take part even the loath 1s. The LSW of the hereafter as a responsibility to the kids and to them self to seek the makings that will guarantee their ain development and that of the kids in their acquisition environment. It is a really exciting clip to be involved in this altering age of the LSW. The long delinquent acknowledgment and proof from the professionals and the of all time present day-to-day grasp from the kids make for a deep sense of satisfaction for any individual shiping on this calling pick. Referencing Becta ( 2008 ) About Becta, Available online at http//about.becta.org.uk ( accessed 02 May 2011 ) Best, R. ( 1999 ) Pastoral and the millenary, in Collins, U. And McNiff, J. ( explosive detection systems ) Rethinking Pastoral Care, London: Routledge. Walton, A.Goddard, G. ( 2009 ) Supporting Every Child: The what of instruction: yesteryear, nowadays and future.Exeter: Learning Matters. Watson, R. ( 2002 ) Schoolbook Spending in the UK 2001/2002, London: Educational Publishers Council. Task three Online Discussion Portfolio Discussion Forum Contributions Hello, I am XXXX I have 3 kids, 17,13,12, before holding kids I worked abroad in ski resorts, was a druggist dispenser, histories and rewards clerk, saloon amah and chalet miss. I embarked on this class in support of my closest friend Judy, who is in remittal from chest malignant neoplastic disease, I needed that push to acquire out of the rut my separation had cornered me in, it made sense professionally and personally. I need to be in a place when my youngest hits 18 to stand on alone and be more employable, I have been a instruction helper for 8 old ages and I am ready to take this farther, in what capacity I am diffident but as my girl applies to universities next twelvemonth and the following four old ages unfold I hope that we will go to each others graduations together†¦ †¦ .that is my end and dream.— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —I spent a frustrating twenty-four hours in our well equipped 18 strong computing machine suite, the pressman did non work, the screens flashed on several intermittently, one kept crashing and some of the older kids that attend the computing machine nine leave the screen on outsize fount out of mischief cognizing it causes even more mayhem when the younger 1s log on. In the 8 old ages I have worked at the school I have yet to witness aA session without jobs, either with human mistake that the log in inside informations are wrong, ink cartridges on low, childs repeatedly hitting the print button, instructors acquiring hyper due to non look intoing earlier th at all is working as expected merely to be unsuitably frustrated in forepart of students and the whole lesson being aborted. On the plus side I have A had the experience of working with a few instructors who had antic IWB/ICT accomplishments and the lessons that they confidently delivered wholly interactively and engaged the whole category for the whole lesson, I was left feeling really unequal and antediluvian, yet pleased to hold witnessed the effectivity and different attack that the computing machine affords, it is the manner frontward forA both instructor and scholar. I see every twenty-four hours the reluctance of the older instructors who rely on conventional wipe board and pens to alter their manner of bringing, some take on preparation but seldom with enthusiasm, andA one time they have ticked theA boxes andA attended the preparation theyA rarelyA useA the IWB as a tool to learn. like mostA A computing machine nonreader people it ‘s wholly a needsA to knowA footing, but the childs will non be happyA withA merely the staid and uncoolA manner that most instructors over 45 are stuck in. it'sA a generalization made wholly on anA experimental A degree, but seeing is believing and believe me some of the dinosaurs in learning demand desperately rejuvenating, or they will fall in the squad of semi retired supply instructors who pop in and seek present the tested and tested manner merely to be met with apathy or break, normally the latter.— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —I haveA non used the bbc web site or seen it used much in the school puting but gratefully I was introduced to it by XXXX who created a power point presentation with merely this site as a nexus. It is www.bbc.ukA , I searched for KS2 scientific discipline, Reversible and Irreversible procedures, it took me to a power point presentation that involved the IWB, it asked the kids to snap and drag different substances and put them in a tumbler of H2O and a spatula stirs it and reveals the reply with audio to honor or promote the student to hold another spell, it so goes into a cartridge holder which compactly and obviously explains the different provinces and asks the kids to see solids, gases and liquids in their environment. It has a lesson program and worksheet already to publish, differentiated for different degrees, it has links to www.bbc.bitesize.ukA which can be used independently by the students to stretch their involvement and busy them whilst the lesser able 1s are finishing the undertaking and worksheet. I ‘m astonished at how clip salvaging this must be for instructors to non hold to make lesson programs or worksheets, the bringing and attack is straightforward, even giving prompts and inquiries that the instructor could utilize. The AimA is to explicate in an synergistic and ocular manner the sometimes deadening topic ( in the students mindset ) of scientific discipline. It is a resource that I will be utilizing and swearing, I showed it to my instructor who said yes its antic I forget how utile I found it and hold neglected it in favor of other sites she has been introduced to but she agreed it is every bit every bit good and would be giving me the subjects in front of clip for me to beginning out and demo her. The benefits are eternal for both student and instructor, prosecuting, ocular, audile, synergistic, differentiated, and even an online Homework follow up to make at place and station to their instructor! ! Did I reference clip salvaging†¦ †¦ giving the instructor more clip to make what she is passionate about†¦ .TEACH! If a resource covers all the Learning Objectives and does the occupation in a fraction of the readying clip I say use it. I have found it so utile for my boies of 12 and 13 in KS3 it follows the course of study and so when the semen and inquire how to construct a Roman garrison and fosse I can demo them in an instant whats expected and they learn the history utilizing words geared to their age and ability.— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — –Technology is used in every individual topic within the course of study, it discreetly supports by giving the students the chance to utilize equipment and computing machine package to heighten their acquisition. The students at my school are encouraged to pass on thoughts and information in a assortment of signifiers. The school is internet linked so that parents can open their kids twelvemonth group nexus and see precisely what is be taught each term. www.education.gov.uk has a course of study resource that opens up and links to all cardinal curricular countries. Within each topic there options to integrate ICT for illustration in the signifier of information recording or IWB activities. It shows clearly how state a PE lesson can be brought into the schoolroom by a IW B resource with ‘how much energy is used when making a physical activity? ‘ , which involves inputting informations gathered onto a grid or diagram, comparison and contrast consequences. I used PE as an illustration due to it non being the obvious pick where engineering can be integrated, besides cameras could be used to grounds the activities. www.nationalstrategies.standards.desf.gov.uk is used often, the instructor can snap on say R.E, History, geographics to resource a IWB to present that lesson on that topic in an piquant audile manner, it gives options and information, including Technology options, it saves clip and resources that are normally exhausted run offing information sheets to manus out. Language, Literacy and Mathematics are about ever delivered affecting engineering, either the instructor will speak whilst the capable affair is on the smart board, the kids are encouraged to utilize the IWB for working amounts out and it is great to see a instructor usage it efficaciously, understating a childs work and demoing how it could hold been done a different manner, so remembering that kids to demo the comparing, it ‘s a front-runner of our year 6 Mathematics instructor, the kids shortly gain assurance when it is delivered by a instructor with good IT skills. Technology is ingrained in the course of study, when a instructor can utilize it efficaciously it enhances the acquisition experience, we have a twosome of ‘old school ‘ instructors who prefer to still utilize press releases, books and the library, who clearly have a phobic disorder about utilizing the engineering at their disposal. I understand their issues as I ‘m on a steep acquisition curve myself with engineering, but they are professionals and does n't a physician or canvasser have to larn new processs and techniques, why should our kids non acquire the full impact that engineering can supply, I feel strongly that instructors should be assessed and updated as times change. We have a few instructors approaching retirement and they are antic in many ways but you can see the vacillation and reluctance to seek it any other manner. I would wish to believe that their methods are non restricting the kids possible but if a topic can be delivered in a visually, prosecuting, synergistic manner certainly they should see the benefits and at least seek even if it ‘s in a premature simple signifier. It ‘s a tough call and I respect their instruction in so many other ways, so I guess clip will generically work out this one but so what new engineering will we hold? ? I saw a yr 4 category making cross stitch yesterday and the instructor had the form on the IWB demoing the students which colour combinations worked good, I might non hold spotted that or taken much notice before this undertaking.— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — –LESSON Plan: Y5 Science – Irreversible and Reversible provinces LESSON LENGTH: 1hour LEARNING OBJECTIVE: A To recognize which provinces are Irreversible and Reversible LEARNING OUTCOME: A Pupils will look into and research several provinces Introduction: The Teacher will gloss over the old yearss treatment associating to this lesson and have a 10 min inquiries and replies session before explicating the undertaking in manus, explicating what the different resources will be used for and in which sequence Resource: A Salt, sand, petri dishes, H2O, boiler, iceATeaching Activities: Mix salt and sand to H2O, topographic point both petri dishes on a warm radiator and go forth overnight, examine and discourse the ice, H2O, predict what alterations may happen to their provinces one time defrosted or boiled. Record existent findings on a sheet. PLENARY: As a category discuss the experiment and anticipations and results, analyze and reflect upon why some kids foretelling falsely. What was it about the salt and sand that gave them different results.A AEVALUATION – The kids can now foretell with regular truth which stuffs and provinces can be reversed or non— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —I ‘m answering from an iPad, had to download word app, so whether this part really gets added as an fond regard or copied and pasted I have yet to happen out. The fac t I ‘m sat at our train at Burton constable in the Sun being able to lend on such a antic piece of nomadic engineering feels really futuristic so. This piece of kit will likely be available to pupils and instructors in clip to come for distance acquisition, my boy has been on his schools cyberspace linked place work nexus and completed a maths trial and submitted a Gallic interlingual rendition undertaking, he was rewarded with a games app, I would hold had to put off place early were it non for such a great devise.AI ‘m foretelling that schoolrooms will be more like talk theaters, delivered with an IWB with each student holding a French telephone with anon. part to demo how many of the category are lending and what they select as replies, Steve showed us this piece of gadgetry in the saloon after last hebdomads session and the benefits that this type devise would give to those diffident untalkative pupils is monolithic. It ‘s prosecuting everyone, maintaining ever yone on undertaking, foregrounding if pupils are fighting or apathetic, it gives the instructor instant feedback. In twenty old ages clip the function of worlds will hold been replaced in many facets of instruction by engineering, kids will utilize personal laptops or iPads alternatively of pen and paper, the course of study will hold been universally scrapped and a individualized acquisition journey for each kid, differentiated to suit, will be delivered on line, the function of instructor will be as an adviser, wise man and director of a squad of say 60 students, there will be no eternal hours taging, researching and planning.AThe kids will hold the chance do far more originative and energetic chases, as the whole state will hold evolved into academies with a large accent on athleticss, humanistic disciplines and music. Primary school SATs will be a distant memory as on-going appraisal will let a kid to concentrate on the countries of failings. Academies will hold to accept all ab ilities and halt the elitist few going super schools which have high entryway requirements.A We will hold adopted the European manner of school life, in many states they have 8 am – 4pm Monday Tuesday ThursdayA 8am – 1am Friday, Wednesday is recharge twenty-four hours, weekends free, but pupils must lend on line for a set figure of hours each hebdomad merely like ebridge.AThese are my anticipations, engineering will ne'er replace a good instructor, but it can congratulate one, we need less stressed out instructors, they are renowned for mental dislocations and depression and emphasis induced issues, so if they can pass less clip on the humdrum paperwork and more clip mentoring and encouraging pupils.AI ‘ll be 65 and retired ready to travel around Europe on a boat, A starting back to see the grandkids, I ‘ll take engineering with me so I can talk to them daily and ill watch my girl battle with kids eventually gaining how difficult I have worked as a individu al Dendranthema grandifloruom, I will hold met the adult male of my dreams by so, I ‘ll be mortgage free and content with life. I ‘ll besides be in the early phases of dotage or dementedness no uncertainty, with a weak vesica and a chancy hip, but you ca n't hold it all! ! Hi steve, Change is the lone invariable and the function of the instructor evolves in analogue with engineering. The Lap top I type on now has the engineering of an industrial based elephant sized computing machine of the 1980s, I think the biggest alteration for a instructor will be a elephantine geographical displacement and clip direction. Commuting and long hours spent paper shamble will be to a lower limit. A The word teaching method was something banded about by the stuffy faculty members, the late interviewed or the freshly qualified. I had heard it legion times from co-workers who use it when they want to be scholarly but merely on shiping on this class did I genuinely understand its significance and it literally translates to ‘the map or work of a instructor ‘ and it ‘s a word that crops up infinitely when researchingA the altering function of a instructor. Upon extended research I have come to understand and hopefully understand why alteration in the function of instruction is both ineluctable and exciting. I found an American web site whilst researching ( http: //faculty.ed.uiuc.edu/j-levin/2020-vision.html ) whilst it uses words to accommodate the American instruction system it makes for a insightful read. Briefly it about predicts smaller orbiter categories for students and that online acquisition will increase A for kids of all ages, whereas its been the sphere of the Higher Education upto now, but to do it affectional instructors have to b relearn and re-educate themselves as history proves that instructors have many resources and scholars have few.AIts worth taking the clip to look up approximately Becta ( once known as the British Educational Communications and Technology Agency ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.education.gov.uk/schools/adminandfinance/procurement/ict/a0073825/becta it explains all that is relevant to optimize engineering and ICT within the educational system.AAfter diging into to merely these two sites I can see why the function of the instructor will tilt to wards confederate and protagonist, alternatively of the instructor and the taught, whilst it indicates a more distant function I would wish to dispute this in that a instructor who has evolved in line with ITC, which will be the late qualified or the instructors who embrace alteration, will present Sessionss, be it in a little category session where face to confront suits those single pupils. Designation of those students who need that personal touch whilst larning online is indispensable, and the instructor can district in on those more personally, yet through networked computing machines the session will make more distant students, be it geographics or personal acquisition manners, it may intend the student who would n't normally trouble oneself to go to will take part in their ain manner. More collaborative undertakings will convey approximately enhanced productiveness a instructor will be assigned to a web of students from several schools, much like the online larning on ebridge. Its merely occurred to me that Steve is really exposing how a instructor will present a faculty in the hereafter, largely on-line, a face to confront on occasion, treatment forums and I think kids by the nature of the fact they are computing machine living deads will soak up this acquisition method with easiness. I personally struggle with ICT and my acquisition journey is a slow and repetitive one at best but I ‘m non naif plenty to believe I can gloss over this fact. My passion to hold a calling working with kids in instruction necessitates that I have to maintain improving and adding to my cognition. Its the lesser gratifying facet of this class for me personally but I ‘m truly proud at my accomplishments so far, A I will endeavor to acquire the rudimentss ingrained in my encephalon, so who knows I may really halt badgering and get down disputing myself engineering wise†¦ †¦ Im non keeping my breath though!A

America Gets VERY Involved Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

America Gets VERY Involved - Essay Example The Buddhist crisis was a result of the repressive reforms of the President Diem in South Vietnam. The reforms were majorly against the likes of the Buddhists, who constituted the majority of the population. Until 1963, the Buddhists resisted themselves from any rebellious demonstrations as a reaction to the disliked Diem rule. However, in May 1963, this patience came to a revolutionary end, when the Diem forbade the celebration of the Buddha’s birthday by religious banners or flags. On May 8, in the city of Hue, Buddhist leaders went against this order and continued their celebrations. This led to a conflict between the Diem army and the Buddhist monks leading to an open fire demonstration that resulted in the killing of nine people and fourteen people became wounded (Brune & Burns 2003). This event was precipitated as a result of the oppressive reforms and rule of President Diem and the event was significant in showing to the world the disdain and dislike his own people had for him. The Buddhist revolt gave evidence of the immense lack of support that Diem had in his own country (Brune & Burns 2003). Another significant turning point in the Buddhist crisis was on June 11. On a busy intersection of Saigon, a monk, Thich Quang Duc poured himself with gasoline and set himself on fire only to express his contempt for Diem. The American media captured this incident immediately and the photographs of the self-immolation became the highlights in not just United States but all around the world. These horrendous pictures of a monk on fire led to a wave of criticism and immediate action. The American policies were criticized for supporting Diem who was oppressive in his handling of religious matters. The American government on the other hand, realized the deficiencies in Diem ’s presidency, and forced him to withhold his strict limitations (Moss 2009). The Buddhist revolts were a

Relationship between job satisfaction and individual performance Essay

Relationship between job satisfaction and individual performance - Essay Example Admittedly, the relation between job satisfaction and productivity is a matter that is difficult to verify because there are a large number of factors that influence the level of job satisfaction. Some of these factors are not changeable and personal in nature, while some are job related, and some are controlled by the management or employer. So, it is not possible to control all these factors in a single empirical study. Hence, as Mudor and Tooksoon (2011) point out, no study is able to conclusively prove that job satisfaction leads to better performance as no study can prove that it conclusively controlled all factors leading to job satisfaction. However, there are people like Caird (cited in Hall;Jones, 2008) who believe that it is impossible to expect quality output from workers in environments where workers are stressed out, and forced to compete for benefits. At this juncture, it seems useful to analyze the various factors that influence the level of job satisfaction. Some fact ors, which are personal in nature, are sex, number of department, time on job, level and range of intelligence, level of education, age, attitude, and other traits of personality. The factors that are inherent in job are type of work, skill required for the work, occupational status, size of the plant, and geography. Some other factors which are usually controlled by the employer are salary, fringe benefits, co-workers, downward communication, working conditions, responsibility, supervision, wages, and opportunities for advancement. From the long list, it becomes evident that no empirical study is ever likely to claim to have proved the relation. Despite the still existing confusion regarding job satisfaction and productivity, the Science Daily dated 20 July 2011 reports that the workers who approach their work with energy, dedication and care are more open to accepting new information and are more productive. In addition, the article points out that if resources are available to ma ke the employees do their job with enthusiasm and joy, they tend to focus and work hard (â€Å"Work Engagement†). The most common reasons put forward by those who believe job satisfaction is positively linked to productivity are as follows. Firstly, everyone wants to keep what is valuable. In other words, if they find something valuable in their work or workplace, they tend to retain it. The second point is that everyone wants to destroy what hurts them. Admittedly, one who is forced to work harder and harder may try to rebel, one who does not enjoy the workplace environment may try to take leaves, and one who is not satisfied with the remuneration may not be that careful about the quality of the product or service. Yet another claim in this direction is that creativity works only in minds which are peaceful. One who is worried about a lot of job related issues may not be able to think constructively or to come up with novel ideas. There are more general arguments in this dir ection. For example, it is claimed that no one will quit if the work is fun for them, and that only happiness can bring the best out of people. Evidently, in service-intensive fields like hospitality, mere commonsense is enough to perceive that the employees who are aggrieved and dissatisfied are highly prone to forgetting the tenets of hospitality. However, in order to substantiate or negate this claim, it is necessary to look into the studies by scholars. Nna (2011) conducted a study among

Are social network site good for our society Essay

Are social network site good for our society - Essay Example Studies have shown that this has significantly lowered worker productivity in many organizations. This has resulted in many companies recording losses. The other danger of social sites is that they expose children to predators. There are various sexual crimes that are committed through the use of these sites in different parts of the globe. Social sites promote human trafficking and they also promote other cyber crimes through identity theft. Security is limited in terms of the use of social sites and this has given criminals the opportunity to steal personal information belonging to other people. Some companies have recorded massive losses as a result of crimes that have been committed through the use of social sites. The use of social sites also expose computers to viruses and this can lead to loss of vital personal or company information. Therefore, it can be noted that the benefits of using social networks social in nature, they just offer personal gratification to the individuals who use them. However, the disadvantages of using social networks are gross and they outweigh the benefits. Huge financial losses are often experienc ed by both individuals and organizations as a result of the use of social

The View On The Future Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The View On The Future Life - Essay Example Now if I talk from the realistic perspective, I see my self at a stable position after ten years. It is because currently I am a high school student and I have plans to study further until I become a graduate. If I continue my studies, I will be able to earn a graduate degree, which will be one of my greatest achievements. Even being a high school student, I have no fantasies in my mind. Being a realistic person, I see myself doing a reasonable job in a company after getting my graduate degree. It is because every person does some sort of job after completing the education which is a realistic approach towards life. Therefore, I am hoping for the best but with that, I am also ready for the worst because, in reality, nothing is certain about the future of any person.There is a huge difference between the romantic and realistic approaches towards life. The romantic approach means a dreamy, idealistic, or impractical approach towards life. Romanticism makes a person idealistic, which is of very less importance in the real life. Romanticism generates a sense of fantasy in the mind of a person that leaves behind the importance of a practical and realistic life. If we talk about realistic approach, we can say that realistic approach is a sensible and rational approach towards life. Realism generates the sense of practicality in life. Realistic approach definitely leads a person towards success because it incorporates practical and fact-based thinking regarding different matters of life.

Community week three Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community week three - Essay Example The authors also outline the importance and how to carry out public health surveillance, an effort that Cleveland clinic has taken up since it started. The clinic gives health talks on disease prevention, management, and treatment. Secondly, the clinic offers management services for both acute and chronic diseases. To improve accessibility, Global Patient Services awareness should be done, as people are not aware of the seamless referral resource, which help to access care providers. Since the clinic is a nonprofit institution that is publicly financed, it should then consider the entire community’s needs in order to promote affordability (Nies and McEwen, 2011). Its availability can be promoted through coming up with more centers to serve the growing population. The clinic is gaining more acceptability with the ranking it acquires in the health field because of competency in health care provision. However this can further be improved through reconsidering their charges which is a big barrier to accessing their services The growing demand for children and adolescent health care has necessitated improved technical expertise among the school nurses. Likewise, the nurses’ professional roles have increased. Today’s school nursing is not only about bandaging alone. A challenge comes in when this nurse is expected to handle a student who is managed by different health care providers for a certain condition. The nurse will therefore require the knowledge, skills, and equipments to provide quality care to this student while in school. There is quite a wide range of schoolchildren and teenage health problems that has called for the school nurse to be conversant with numerous technologies and protocols and Familiarize himself with variety of new drugs available for specific condition (Louis and Elsevier, 2009). There are different determinants to which health problem is prevalent to children and adolescents (Nies and McEwen, 2011).

Art History Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Art History - Assignment Example Honore Daumier’s â€Å"Third-Class Carriage† was precisely a demonstration of social commentary. It was one thing that he just happened to accomplish with this painting. It was very common of Daumier as a trained lithographer to create paintings that were generally biting social commentary. It is because of his experiences during which the classes were divided. The culture that helped produce this was France because of the chaotic mess in the country that occurred politically, socially and in many other aspects of a French culture. He had the ability to use art to literally do just that. Michaelangelo who did most of his work in Italy was working in the Vatican City, the headquarters of the Catholic people during a time when Protestantism was on the rise. It was a method of providing an elite painting on the dome of a building in ways that had never before been accomplished. It suggests that the Catholic religion is also one of elitism. Girodet was a student of Davidâ⠂¬â„¢s and he went on to create the â€Å"Burial of Atalia,† which was a painting from the Romantic time frame. Another student of his was Antoine Jean Gros who painted â€Å"Napoleon at the Pest House of Jaffa.† During this time in Europe, while using neo-classicism, there was a use of harmony, proportion, and simplicity in order to create the paintings. Romanticism had a slightly different aesthetic theme but both artists were able to use the methods that they had learned under David and transition them to the work that was typical of the Romantic art period.

Math vs English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Balanced Scorecard Assignment Research Proposal

Balanced Scorecard Assignment - Research Proposal Example The objectives of the business can be classified under four different heads such as financial objectives, customer value objectives, internal operations objectives, learning and growth (employee) objectives. c) Customer value: The objective is to add value to customer through supply of quality products at reduced rate. It also aims to keep up the value and business ethics by following business strategy helpful to appealing the customers. a) Measure of process performance: The objective is to attain higher performance efficiency. The process should be capable of producing the product at minimum cost and time requirements while ensuring higher quality of product. c) Operations: The objective is to attain maximum return on investment by reducing the cost of production and improving the production efficiency. Advanced production technology will be adopted for the production process for ensuring lower production cost with higher quality. Presentation of the strategic objectives of the business along with its metrics and targets by using balanced score card provides insights into the performance targets of the business. It helps to inform the organizational personnel about their role in improving the business performance. Discussion of the strategic objectives by segmenting it under each different heads makes clear the role of each department of the organization towards the business performance

Strategies Used by the Banking Industry Essay Example for Free

Strategies Used by the Banking Industry Essay In depressed economic times, Banking is an industry that is prone to substantial financial losses, from customer’s closing their depository account to an increase in outstanding loan delinquency. An increase in consumer and commercial loan defaults can damage the integrity of a Bank’s outstanding loan portfolio. Such deterioration can lead to an increase of â€Å"Non-Performing Assets†. Once a loan is nonperforming, (usually when a debtor has not made their scheduled payment for at least 90 days, but there are other reasons why a loan can be deemed â€Å"non-performing†) the odds that it will be repaid in full are considered to be substantially lower. The non-performing asset is therefore not yielding any income to the lender in the form of principal and interest payments. Banks have spent the last several years grappling with nonperforming assets, but perhaps working out problems with bad loans is best left to entities that do not have to answer to a Federal Regulator. This year, more banks have escalated efforts to sell nonperforming assets, and industry experts say the volume of such deals is only going to increase. Meanwhile, a new deal structure is calling for sellers to retain the problematic assets to work them out on their own. (Barba, 2011) But, even if a loan pays in accordance with its Terms Conditions, it still can be categorized non-performing for several reasons. Deterioration in financial ratios can cause a loan to be classified non-performing, one of those financial ratios is Loan to Value or â€Å"LTV†. LTV is the outstanding principal balance of the loan divided by the appraised value for real property pledged as collateral for a loan. When the appraised value of the pledged collateral decreases faster than the principal of the loan, the LTV will increase, thereby making this loan a greater risk in case of default. The benchmark LTV ratio will usually not exceed 75%, the rationale behind this threshold is if the loan does default and, subsequently, the asset disposed of, that the 25% of equity can be used to reimburse the bank for legal fees, court cost, and expenses incurred with liquidating the collateral. This strategy is incorporated in the bank’s lending policy in the effort to â€Å"make the bank whole† in a loan default scenario. When the loan request is not collateral based, the key financial ratio used to determine the borrower’s ability to repay is Debt Service Coverage or DSC. This ratio is calculated using the existing company debt, plus the new loan obligation, divided by the businesses existing cash flow to determine if the total debt can be supported. Covenants in the loan documentation will require the business to furnish Tax Returns and Financial Statements annually to review the borrower’s financial condition to ensure sufficient DSC. If it is determined that the DSC is not sufficient or if the borrower is not in compliance of the Loan Covenant by not supplying the required financial information, the loan can be classified as non-performing. An increase in the level of non-performing assets increases risk and impacts capital levels that regulators believe are appropriate in light of the ensuing risk in the loan portfolio. Regulators request that the level of non-performing assets be reduced. If these problem assets are not reduced through loan sales, workouts, or restructuring or the level of problem assets continue to rise through decreases in the value of the underlying collateral, or in these borrowers’ performance or financial condition, whether or not due to economic and market conditions beyond our control, could adversely affect the bank’s operations and financial condition. This is why banks are so interested in getting these assets off the books. Banks that’ve held on to some loans in hopes of a rapidly increasing economic recovery are starting to lose hope. Moreover, the Euro Zone Debt Crisis and, locally, the $1.2 billion dollar debacle and former New Jersey Governor Jon Corzines MF Global, plus the decline in Moodys index of commercial property values, which reached around 200 in late 2007 and early 2008, before taking a complete round trip back to 100 as of the beginning of this year and leveling off to about 120—but has been largely treading water since late 2009. After that bounce, its gone back down a little, and looks to be flat for the foreseeable future, says David Tobin, one of the two principals of Mission Capital Advisors. Its a smart time to sell. (McDonald, 2011) Another reason for the converted interest in selling these assets is the challenge that banks are having in making new loans. â€Å"Analysts and investors are demanding balance sheet improvements out of the banks†, says Tobin, â€Å"and if the banks cant show strength by adding new, solid loans, then theyll do it by unloading legacy assets that are a drag on capital†. And thats just what has happened. But when they can sell, they do. The best thing a bank can do is sell properly marked assets that help fix the balance sheet. The more you can sell, the better you are perceived. says Tobin. (McDonald, 2011). So, how do bank’s dispose of these assets and what is done with those assets that cannot be sold on a Secondary Market? There are several loss mitigation alternatives used by banks in both scenarios. Typical Strategies used in the sale of non-performing loans are usually Note Sales, Short-Sale or Short-Payoffs, or a Deed in Lieu of Foreclosure. A Note Sale is just as it sounds. A Bank will assign all its rights and interests in the subject Note and Mortgage (or a group of Notes and Mortgages) to an interested party for an appropriate price. A Short-Sale or Short-Payoff, again, is just as it sounds, is a method whereby the bank examines the value of the collateral, financial condition of the borrower, and will determine the amount of acceptable loss that the bank would be willing to incur â€Å"just to make the borrower go away† instead of involving themselves in a, potentially, protracted Foreclosure process. Lastly, the Deed in Lieu of Foreclosure is the process whereby the borrower surrenders the Title to the property instead of going through the, potentially lengthy and expensive, Foreclosure process. This method allows for the bank to receive a maximum price for the collateral since they, in essence, are owners of the property since they are in possession of the Title and the buyer does not have to take assignment in any Legal action initiated by the bank. More often than not, with this option, borrower’s will also insist on the release of any personal guarantors on the Mortgage, so the bank doesn’t have an option of pursing any potential deficiency balance on the loan after the sale of the collateral. When a bank can’t sell their criticized and classified loans on the secondary market and has no other choice that to keep those loans on their books, there are several methods that can be used to modify the existing terms and conditions of a loan to, possibly, strengthen the credit in hopes of a possible upgrade in the loans classification by the bank’s Risk Managers. The first (and most preferred) of these methods is the Reinstatement. The borrower will pay all loan arrears (past-due Principal and Interest) and continue paying as agreed through the term of the loan. As an incentive to the borrower, the bank has the option of waiving accrued Late Charges and Default Interest amounts as part of the terms of the agreement. Typically, if the loan performs as agreed (usually for six to twelve months) after reinstatement, the bank’s Risk Managers will agree to re-classify the loan back to a performing status and resume taking in the interest income on the loan. The remaining methods are several types of Forbearance Agreements. A Standard Forbearance is often consideration (the bank’s delay in enforcing its legal rights and remedies under the Note) for a promise by the debtor to pay an added amount to the current Principal and Interest payments to cure the loan arrears. A Refinance Forbearance is an option whereby the borrower intends to refinance their loan with the bank in order to satisfy the obligation. Lastly, a Graceful Exit Forbearance allows the borrower the time to market and sell the mortgaged premises in order to satisfy the underlying loan obligation to the bank. The time allowed by the bank in any forbearance scenario will, usually, not exceed twenty four months. In good times or bad, deciding how to manage nonperforming assets is never easy. Loan workout can be intricate and costly, both in time and resources spent on deciding whether to work out an asset or focus on what can be salvaged. Moreover, it also requires the bank to evaluate whether the borrower can recover and still remain valued customer. (Trauner 2009) But, if the decision is made to sell the credit, then the decision is how to maximize the consideration received for the asset. Selling assets can often be perplexing and nerve-racking and the reality is that if you take time to evaluate and think purposefully about your portfolio, selling these assets can be a very effectual and fruitful tool to help manage your portfolio through the ups and downs in credit cycles. (Trauner 2009) REFERENCES Barba, R. (2011, November 14). Toxic assets turn into opportunity for community banks. Retrieved from http://www.americanbanker.com/issues/176_221/loan-sales-nonperforming-assets-private-equity-1044055-1.html. (Barba, 2011) McDonald, D. (2011, November 04). Good news? It’s a buyers market for bad loans. Retrieved from http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2011/11/04/bank-bad-loans/ (McDonald, 2011) Trauner, S. (2009, April). Non-performing assets: The keep versus sell decision. Retrieved from http://www.wib.org/publications__resources/article_library/2009-10/mar09_assets.html (Trauner, 2009)

Significance Of Arctic Setting In Frankenstein English Language Essay

Significance Of Arctic Setting In Frankenstein English Language Essay The arctic setting that Mary Shelley uses in her novel, Frankenstein, after the monster escapes was essential in understanding the feelings of Victors monstrous creation. The arctic is known for its isolated conditions with intolerable weather. When Victor Frankensteins creation sees the rejected reactions from other living beings he escapes to the separate himself from mankind. The romantic period of when Mary Shelley wrote her novel escaping to isolated places such as the arctic, was known as a spiritual reunion. The arctic represented isolation and pain in Victor Frankensteins creation. Mary Shelley used the arctic setting to correlate the monsters internal feeling with its environment that surrounded him. She used the arctic to symbolize Victors creation as empty, unaided, isolated, and confused. The arctic is still considered to be an intolerable place where it is much harder to live especially in the monsters scenario. Mary Shelley describes the struggles the monster was dealing with in regards to other human beings. She writes The whole village roused; some fled, some attacked me, until, grievously bruised by stones and many other kinds of missile weapons, I escaped to the open country, and fearfully took refuge (70-71). The monster was dealing with external problems from the horrific reactions from the villagers. In addition to being abandoned by his creator the monster felt abandoned from all of mankind. Mary Shelley used the arctic as the setting for where the monster fled after being created by Victor to indicate the maturation process of the monster and to give a deeper insight into his character. He was tortured by the reactions of the villagers and the seasonal process that nature goes through. In arctic conditions it becomes nearly impossible to live off of natural nutrients due to harsh temperatures. Victors creation explains, Food, however became scarce, and I often spent the whole day searching in vain for a few acorns to assuage the pangs of hunger (Shelley 70). This was a significant setting because the monster was clueless about his surroundings and the arctic created a deeper hole in his search for identity. In the article Embodied Settings in Frankenstein by David Ketterer, it explains that the arctic setting in Mary Shelleys novel was used in a metaphoric way: If the Alps and their Arctic setting analogue appear to be the monsters natural habitat that is surely because his being is bound up with the awe and terror provoked by such environments (Ketterer 548) Victors creation was a symbolism of the arctic. Mary Shelley used the arctic setting to represent the lonely soul of the creature. The arctic is lacking natural resources like the creature is lacking companionship. The monster describes the painful experiences he encountered in the winter seasons while in search for dry land and shelter to protect him from the snow, or as he describes it, the white ground; Romanticists looked at spiritual renewal as getting away into an isolated environment, and Mary Shelley used that Arctic setting to show the renewal the monster endured. In the article The Political Geography of horror in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein by Fred Randel, he writes Mary Shelley inherited a usage of the Gothic that, in contrast with the expectations of many modern readers, fore grounded history and geography (465). Mary Shelley showed Victors creations emotions when she wrote A great fall of snow had taken place the night before and the fields were of one uniform white, the appearance disconsolate and I found my feet chilled by the cold damp substance that covered the ground (70). Mary Shelley is showing the inscrutable feelings of the monster and how the arctic setting was essential to understand the renewal process of the monster. The monster feels the cold and bitter feelings that arctic is releasing. The arctic was important for the character development of the monster. Mary Shelley shows his maturation process through the story the monster tells Victor. She describes his innocence to his surroundings and the struggles that accompanied these mysterious altercations of the seasons he endured. The famine of food created hardship for the monster while the actions of the villagers against him created unknown feelings of disorder. Mary Shelley used the arctic in a metaphoric way in representing the lonesome the monster felt. The arctic is usually deceived as an uncomfortable surrounding and Victors creation resorted to the arctic for the opposite, comfort. Mary Shelley used the arctic to metaphorically represent Victors creation. The monster was a lonesome soul lacking companionship just like that arctic lacks food and nutrients. Work Cited Ketterer, David. Embodied Settings in Frankenstein. Science Fiction Studies 32.3 (2005) : 548. JSTOR. Web. 28 Feb. 2010. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4241397 Randel, Fred. The Political Geography of Horror In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. ELH 70.2 2003 : 465-491. JSTOR. Web. 28 Feb. 2010 http://www.jstor.org/stable/30029885 Â  Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 1996. Print.

Global Problem Of Violence Against Women Criminology Essay

Global Problem Of Violence Against Women Criminology Essay Violence against women continues to be a global problem. It does not choose race, culture, education, age and class. A persons home while considered as a safe haven for many people is also a place that endangers lives and raises various forms of violence carried out against women. Many instances are womens rights violated in the domestic environment by people (mostly males) who are or have been entrusted with power and/or intimacy by the women in the household. These people are found in the roles of husbands, fathers/stepfathers, uncles, brothers and other relatives. Today, various international organizations have pushed through the protection of women against violence. The Human Rights framework has led to the creation of certain international legal mechanisms that would aid in the protection of women against violence. However, how effective are these mechanisms? Whose responsibility is it in terms of combating domestic violence against women? These are just some of the questions that this essay will explore. II. Introduction It is said that the home is a place where people are supposed to feel a sense of belonging, stability and safety; and where people are guaranteed to receive emotional and physical well-being in the presence of loving and caring relationships (Hart Ben-Yoseph 2005). However, for many, home has become a place of terror and violence, where instead of living in a peaceful and loving environment, people live every day in fear and abuse at the hands of somebody close to them or somebody they even trust (Khan 2000 in Inocenti Digest 2000: 1). Despite various evidences that domestic violence affects many women, beyond cultural background, ethnicity and geographic locations, the issue only surfaced as a significant international human right agenda in the early 1980s (Craven 2003: 1). However, in the recent years, there is said to be a greater understanding of the causes and effects of domestic violence (Khan 2000 in Inocenti Digest 2000: 1). Moreover, along with the issues growing significance, various organizations in the international and regional levels, which were concerned with womens rights, grew along and started to pave way for a new era in human rights (Craven 2003: 1). Some of the conventions which were products of the global consensus on domestic violence were the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), Rights of the Child and the Platform for Action (Khan 2000 in Inocenti Digest, 2000: 1). In Australia, the three specific conventions ratified by the government are the Convention on the Elimination of all Racial Discrimination; the Convention Against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman Degrading or Punishment; and CEDAW which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in the 1970s (Craven 2003: 2). However, since the ratification of these conventions, health, welfare and legal professionals in Australia were experiencing a great challenge in figuring out how to formulate programs and policies in accordance to the newly conceptualized international law on gender or domestic violence (Craven 2003: 1). Progress has been slow, not only for Australia but also for other nations who adopted the international conventions because the process of identifying effective strategies and approaches to address domestic violence is still in progress of definition (Khan 2000 in Inocenti Digest, 2000: 1). Fifteen years ago, the first national statistics on the incidence and prevalence of domestic violence in Australia were published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (1996), wherein they were able to survey a sample of 6,300 Australian women and found out the 42% of women who had been in a previous relationship reported to have experienced violence from their partners. In addition, it was found out that half of the women who reported having incidence of violence with their current partners sustained more than one type of act of violence ranging from bruises, cuts, scratches, to stabbing, gun shots or types of injuries (ABS 1996: 55 cited in Mulroney 2003: 1-2). In more recent years, a study conducted by Access Economics (2004) found that in 2002 to 2003, an estimated 408,100 Australians became victims to domestic violence, of which 87% were women (Access Economics 2004: 1). Furthermore, a study conducted by Virueda Payne (2010) through the Australian Institute of Criminology, fou nd that in 2007 to 2008, most homicides that occurred during within that time period were domestic homicides, where the victim usually shared a domestic relationship with the offender. According to Virueda Payne (2010), most of the domestic homicides committed during the period of their study were classified as intimate partner homicides which comprised 60% of their subjects. This goes to show that even with the advent of the covenants and conventions which catered to discussing and formulating policies to prevent or solve cases which involved incidences of domestic violence, there is yet much work and transformation to do before we can say that the world is finally ready and able to put a full stop to domestic violence and abuse. III. Background History of International Human Rights Law Tracing the history of human rights would take us back to the time of the conception of the Ten Commandments and the Code of Hammurabi and the Rights of Athenian Citizens (Weissbrodt de la Vega 2007: 14). The earliest efforts to defend people from abuses such as arbitrary killing, torture, discrimination, starvation and forced eviction came from the belief that individuals have immutable rights as human beings (Weissbrodt de la Vega 2007: 1), and thus they deserve to be protected against any form of abuse. In more recent periods, the efforts to identify and defend human rights was said to be an outcome of the violence and refugee problems during wars (Wesbrodt de la Vega 2007: 14), more specifically after the tragedies which occurred in the Second World War (Cazen 2003). In retrospect, during the rise of the nation-states in the seventeenth century, the classical international law favoured state-sovereignty and did not accept the idea of human rights, for they believed that the nation-state was a good in itself and was more than an instrument to promote welfare and protection among citizens (Wesbrodt de la Vega 2007: 15). However, during the eighteenth to nineteenth century, international law began focusing on previously isolated fields such as the protection of aliens, the protection of minorities, human rights guarantees in national constitutions and laws, abolition of slavery, the protection of victims of armed conflict, self-determination, labor and womens rights. It is believed by some, that the formation of the United Nations in 1945 was a proof of our modern struggle to protect human rights (Weissbrodt de la Vega 2007: 3). According to Weissbrodt and de la Vega (2007) the most important source of International law are treaties and customs, for they are said to have legal binding legal effect between the states that signed those agreements (Weissbrodt de la Vega 2007: 3). Moreover, it was regarded that the most important treaty formed was the United Nations Charter, which was the cause for the establishment of the United Nations (Weissbrodt de la Vega 2007: 3). About 188 nations around the world singed the United Nations Charter which vowed to form an international alliance with a common goal of upholding the rights of humans and encourage peace and cooperation among nations (Cazen 2003). Three years later, in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was established and it set out the international standards for human rights (Cazen 2003). With regard to womens rights, it was said that the efforts to abolish slavery in the nineteenth century awakened the concern for womens rights during that time, thus began the international struggle for womens rights way back in 1948 during the Seneca Falls Convention and the International Women Suffrage Alliance in 1904 (Weissbrodt de la Vega 2007: 17). Domestic Violence: Definition, Causes and Prevalence in Australia Definition What is domestic violence? What are its causes and how does it affect the lives of women who are victims of such dilemma? These are some of the questions which we will address further in this essay. Domestic violence, as defined in the Article 1 of the UN Declaration of 1993 (as cited in Westendrop Wolleswinkel: 37) as: Any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological trauma or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occuring in public or private life. In further detail, the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women (1993) states that any form of domestic violence may occur in three areas such as: (1) In the family, where violence may be in the form of battering, sexual abuse of female children in the household, dowry-related violence, marital rape, female genital mutilation, other traditional practices harmful to women, non-spousal violence and violence related to exploitation; (2) In the general community where violence may include rape, sexual abuse, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere, trafficking in women and forced prostitution; (3) In the state, wherever it occurs, where violence is perpetrated or condoned. Furthermore, according to Laing and Bobic (2002), Australian literature recognizes that domestic violence, whether defined as domestic or family, may include a range of violent behaviours from physical, sexual, verbal, psychological, to emotional abuse, social isolation and forms of financial abuse (Laing Bobic 2002: 14 as cited in Access Economics 2004: 3). Prevalence The Victorian Government recognizes that women are at greater risks of family violence, sexual assault, harassment and stalking than men (Western Region Network Against Family Violence 2003:16) In addition, the Victorian Government also contends that women are more likely to experience violence in the home rather than in public places, especially in the hands of their previous or current partners, and most especially, the cycle of violence occurs in the context of an existing continuity of power imbalance and inequality between men and women in the society (Victorian Government 2002: 20 as cited in Western Region Network Against Family Violence 2003:16). Over time, various studies have been conducted in order to describe the prevalence of domestic violence in Australia. As mentioned in the previous paragraphs of this essay, the first break through in gathering the largest statistical data with accordance to incidences of domestic violence was conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics for their Womens Safety Survey in 1996, where they were able to gather 6,300 respondents. According to the results of the survey, one out of twelve Australian women who were married or in a de facto relationship experienced some form of violence from their current partners (Interbreur 2001). The ABS Womens Safety Survey also found that more women experienced violence from their previous or current partners rather another person, stranger or male known to them (Western Region Network Against Family Violence 2003:18). And in 2005, ABS Personal Safety Survey found that during the 12 month period prior to the time when the survey was conducted, 38% re ported to have experienced the assault from a male perpetrator, particularly their previous or current intimate partners (Parliamentary Library 2009). Moreover, in more recent data, in a study conducted by the Virued Payne in 2010, they found that more domestic homicides occurred in the year 2007 to 2008, wherein the victim usually shared a domestic relationship with the offender and 60% of these incidents were classified as intimate partner homicides. Now the question arises: why do men victimize women in abusive behaviour? Causes Women who are victims of domestic violence have no common factor. The act may occur to anyone, regardless of their socioeconomic status or their racial and cultural background (Better Health Channel 2011). However, women who are young, indigenous, have a disability, or those who live in rural areas were found to be at greater risk in incidences of domestic violence (Better Health Channel 2011). Furthermore, the Domestic Violence Resource Victim Victoria, through Better Health Channel (2011), identified some of the prevalent causes or reasons why some men inflict violence and abuse on some women, and it was said that domestic violence may be caused by a deep regard for masculinity or a firm patriarchal mindset of some males, and abusers often tend to blame the acts of violence to intoxication (alcohol), to other people, or other forms of circumstances. However, as what the Victorian government has stated, domestic violence may have roots on the existing power imbalance or continuing p atriarchal mindset of people. IV. Discussion International Law and Violence against Women: The Mechanisms and their Effectiveness As discussed earlier, the UN Declaration of Human Rights in 1993 set out the international standard for protecting the rights of individuals. However, although the UN charter has affirmed the supposed equality between women and men, the gender-blindness often resulted to cases of structural discrimination against women and womens rights were still ignored (Westendorp Wolliswenkel 2005: 20). During that time, international human rights law was limited to protecting only the public, political legal and social sphere and did not include the private sphere of the home and family (Westendorp Wolliswenkel 2005: 20). In effect, using the international human rights law as a framework to look into womens rights entailed certain methods and mechanisms to determine the obligations of governments to protect the human rights of women and to hold the government accountable if they fail to meet their obligations (Westendorp Wolliswenkel 2005: 20). For instance, the UN Convention on the Eliminati on of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), which was one of the mechanism used to address the issue, required all nation states who ratified the said convention to take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women by any person, organization or enterprise (Westendorp Wolliswenkel 2005: 21). Furthermore, in 1993, the UN finally declared violence against women as a human rights violation which required urgent attention (Westendorp Wolliswenkel 2005: 22). After the declaration, more conventions and mechanism were created; and another successful mechanism which was an outcome of the continued lobbying of women from different NGOs was the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action in 1995 and the Rome Statute in 1998 which included crimes such as rape, war crimes and other forms of crimes against humanity (Westendorp Wolliswenkel 2005: 23). Protecting the Rights of Women, Who is Responsible? Australias commitment to the ratification of CEDAW or the Womens Convention, as what Crazen (2003) was not as smooth and easy as what one might expect. Often, the common problem of states when ratifying mechanism or policies of international human rights law concerning womens rights is how to assimilate those international policies into their domestic policies without any form of confusion. There were many reservations from some nations when CEDAW was imposed by UN, and primarily these reservations effected to some nations weakening in the commitment to the alliance of upholding womens rights, and by doing so, they have reduced their obligations upon changing their domestic policies. In Australia, the Commonwealth recognizes that it is the role of the government to address domestic violence, so that they have created many committees and organization to cater to issues and incidences of domestic violence. As far as 1986, the Commonwealth of Australia commenced its role in addressing t he issue of domestic violence, followed by their efforts to establish the Office of the Status of Women (OSW). From then on, the Commonwealth has helped in the quest for keeping actual and factual records of incidences of domestic violence in Australia through sponsoring series of surveys from 1987 up to 2005 (Parliamentary Library 2009). However, the role of the Commonwealth is limited only to spear-heading standard approaches to policy and legislative reforms in the states and territories in Australia; each state then, will and must be the ones responsible in enforcing and implementing policies concerning domestic violence (Parliamentary Library 2009). Policy development in Australia has gone through a long way of reformation and implementation. During the 20 years of those policy making and developments, the government was able to focus on tertiary levels of intervention on domestic violence by providing sympathetic and victim centred care after the assault (Parliamentary Library 2009). These tertiary interventions exist in the forms of violence reports, law reform, provision of refugees, health care and accommodation and domestic violence services. V. Conclusions and Recommendations Majority of the Australian literature reviewed for the purpose of this essay reported that domestic violence and any form of abuse happening in the context of home and family are regarded as one of the most under-reported crime offenses in various states around Australia. As we have reviewed the figures since the earliest ABS Womens Safety Survey in 1996 to the homicide reports of the Australian Institute of Criminology in 2010, we see that even with the efforts of the government to implement committees and legislative reforms in order to address domestic violence and prevent them, the figures have shown us that the efforts may have had only futile effects on the total elimination of the incidences of domestic violence. Although domestic violence against women have been specifically defined by the UN, the law was found to be limited in addressing all forms of abuse, in such a way that some types of violence such as economic deprivation, excessive possessiveness or jealousy and enforc ed isolation were found to be not directly remediable through legal measures (Alexander Seddon 2002). Furthermore, throughout the review of related literatures for this essay, it has also been found that policy making was not the only problem with the slow progress for the elimination of violence against women, but also, there were underlying problems which prevented the effectiveness of the international law mechanisms. One of those reasons would be the existing power imbalance and the patriarchal mindset of societies and most specifically, the very high regard for masculinity amongst male offenders. Another would reason was that some societies wherein customs and traditions would often place women in the lower hand often react more defensively against the imposition of the international law mechanisms in their domestic legislation. Thus, throughout the world, there may still be some states that are guilty of condoning violence against women as they will argue that it is part of their customs and traditions. On a positive note, the Commonwealth of Australia has been consistent with its commitment towards the battle against the incidences of violence against women, by creating committees and funding surveys in order to check the current situation of the issue in Australia. However, their efforts may also come to waste since most victims of abuse would not be open to reporting the abuse to authorities. As we can see, there is a chain reaction which exists amongst perpetrators, the victims and the legislative reform: perpetrators continue to uphold the patriarchal mindset while the victims remain silent about the abuse, and then the government will have difficulty formulating policies for prevention and actions against the crime while they also have difficulty in obtaining accurate data of the real prevalence of domestic violence in Australia. Basing on these conclusions, it is then safe to recommend that a massive effort towards educating people about domestic violence be done. This may help in modifying the existing resentment or feelings of indifirrence towards the policies intended to prevent or solve cases of domestic violence. Education or knowing more about issue may provide enlightenment on people and soon modify their behavior and beliefs about domestic violence. It is also important to make the victims feel that they have the law to protect them, so that when they come out and report incidence of abuse, they will be assured of their safety and their lives will become normal again. When finally, victims will feel that it is safe and okay to admit that they are victims of abuse, accurate data will then be acquired and the government will see the real prevalence of the issue. As for the legal framework, there is still a long way to go before we can finally put every policy with regard to violence against in women at place, but the best thing to do would be to focus on the preventive actions, such as the tertiary measures provided by the Commonwealth, and to keep on pushing for reformations.